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Journal of Dental Research
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Mass Properties of the Pig Mandible

F. Zhang

Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3

G.E.J. Langenbach

Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

A.G. Hannam

Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3, ahannam{at}interchange.ubc.ca

S.W. Herring

Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6365

Specification of mass properties is an essential step in the modeling of jaw dynamics, but obtaining them can be difficult. Here, we used three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) to estimate jaw mass, mean bone density, anatomical locations of the mass and geometric centers, and moments of inertia in the pig jaw. High-resolution CT scans were performed at one-mm slice intervals on specimens submerged in water. The mean estimated jaw mass was 12% greater than the mean wet weight, and 33% more than the mean dry weight. Putative bone marrow accounted for an extra 13% of mass. There was a positive correlation between estimated mean bone density and age. The mass center was consistently in the midline, near the last molar. The mean distance between the mass center and geometric center was small, especially when bone marrow was taken into account (0.58 ± 0.21 mm), suggesting that mass distribution in the pig jaw is almost symmetrical with respect to its geometric center. The largest moment of inertia occurred around each mandible's superoinferior axis, and the smallest around its anteroposterior axis. Bone marrow contributed an extra 9% to the moments of inertia in all three axes. Linear relationships were found between the actual mass and a mass descriptor (product of the bounding volume and mean bone density), and between the moments of inertia and moments of inertia descriptors (products of the mass descriptor and two orthogonal dimensions forming the bounding box). The study suggests that imaging modalities revealing three-dimensional jaw shape may be adequate for estimating the bone mass properties in pigs.

Key Words: mass • moments of inertia • mass center • pig • mandible.

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 80, No. 1, 327-335 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345010800010601
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This Article
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What's this?