This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Vogel, G.L. Articles by Chow, L.C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Vogel, G.L. Articles by Chow, L.C. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Increased Overnight Fluoride Concentrations in Saliva, Plaque, and Plaque Fluid after a Novel Two-solution Rinse

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

Y. Mao

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

C.M. Carey

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

L.C. Chow

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, Room A153, Bldg. 224, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

Recent studies showed that salivary, plaque-fluid, and whole-plaque fluoride were significantly higher 120 min after subjects rinsed with a novel two-solution rinse than after they rinsed with a NaF rinse of the same fluoride concentration. In this study, the persistence of these increases was investigated overnight, a period of time that is more clinically relevant. Improved analytical techniques for the ultramicro determination of whole-plaque and plaque-fluid fluoride from the same sample are also described. Thirteen subjects abstained from toothbrushing for 48 hrs and rinsed for 1 min with a 12 mmol/L (228 ppm) NaF or the two-solution rinse before bedtime. Samples were then collected the following morning before breakfast: (1) Saliva samples were either clarified by centrifugation or acid-extracted with 1 mol/L HClO₄; and (2) single-site molar plaque samples were centrifuged to obtain plaque fluid and/or extracted with 1 mol/L HC1O4. Results showed that, compared with NaF, the two-solution rinse produced significantly higher fluoride concentrations in all samples: The concentration of fluoride in whole plaque and whole saliva following the new rinse exceeded concentrations found after the NaF rinse by factors of three and four, respectively, while in plaque fluid, the two-solution rinse produced about a two-fold increase over NaF values, which were near baseline levels. This increase, however, was only about 20% in centrifuged saliva. The increases in saliva and especially in plaque-fluid fluoride after the two-solution rinse indicate a greater remineralization potential, while the enhanced fluoride reservoirs found in plaque overnight after this rinse constitute a reserve that may release fluoride into the plaque fluid over an extended period of time.

Key Words: fluoride • rinse • plaque • plaque-fluid • saliva.

REFERENCES

• Arends J., Christoffersen J. (1990). Nature and role of loosely bound fluoride in dental caries. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):601-605.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Arends J., ten Cate JM (1981). Tooth remineralization. J Cryst Growth 53:135-147.
• Chow LC, Takagi S. (1991). Deposition of fluoride on tooth surfaces by a two-solution mouth rinse in vitro. Caries Res 25:397-401.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Christoffersen J., Christoffersen MR, Kibalczyc W., Perkok WG (1988). Kinetics of dissolution and growth of calcium fluoride and effects of phosphate. Acta Odontol Scand 46:325-336.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Christoffersen J., Christoffersen MR, Arends J., Leonardsen ES (1995). Formation of phosphate-containing calcium fluoride at the expense of enamel, hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite. Caries Res 29:223-230.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Dijkman AG, Tak J., Arends J. (1982). Fluoride deposited by topical applications in enamel: KOH-soluble and acquired fluoride. Caries Res 16:147-155.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Duckworth RM, Stewart D. (1994). Effect of mouthwashes of variable NaF concentration but constant NaF content on oral fluoride retention. Caries Res 28:43-47.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Ekstrand J., Spak C-J., Vogel G. (1990). Pharmacokinetics of fluoride in man and its clinical relevance. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):550-555.
• Fejerskov 0, Thylstrup A., Larsen MJ (1981). Potential use of calcium fluorides in caries prevention. A concept based upon possible cariostatic mechanisms. Acta Odontol Scand 39:241-249.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Grubbs FE, Beck G. ( 1972). Extension of sample sizes and percentage points for significance tests of outlying observations. Technometrics 14:847-854.[CrossRef]
• Margolis HC, Moreno EC (1990). Physicochemical perspectives on the cariostatic mechanisms of systemic topical fluorides. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):606-613.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Margolis HC, Moreno EC, Murphy BJ (1986). Effect of low levels of fluoride in solution on enamel demineralization in vitro. J Dent Res 65:23-29.
• Margolis HC, Zhang YP, Van Houte J., Moreno EC (1993). Effect of sucrose concentration on the cariogenic potential of pooled plaque fluid from caries-free and caries-positive individuals. Caries Res 27:467-473.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• McCann HG (1968). The solubility of fluorapatite and its relationship to that of calcium fluoride. Arch Oral Biol 12:987-1001.
• 0gaard B., Rølla G., Helgeland K. (1983). Uptake and retention of alkali-soluble and alkali-insoluble fluoride in sound enamel in vivo after mouthrinses with 0.5% or 0.2% NaF. Caries Res 17:520-524.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Rølla G., Ekstrand J. (1996). Fluoride in oral fluids and dental plaque. In: Fluoride in dentistry. 2nd ed. Fejerskov 0, Ekstrand J, Burt J, editors. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, pp. 215-229.
• Rølla G., Saxegaard E. (1990). Critical evaluation of the composition and use of topical fluorides, with emphasis on the role of calcium fluoride in caries inhibition. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):780-785.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Tatevossian A., Gould CT (1976). The composition of the aqueous phase in human dental plaque. Arch Oral Biol 21:319-323.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• ten Cate JM, Duijsters Ppe (1983). Influence of fluoride in solutions on tooth remineralization. I. Chemical data. Caries Res 17:193-199.
• Venkateswarlu P., Vogel GL (1996). Fluoride analytical methods. In: Fluoride in dentistry. 2nd ed. Fejerskov 0, Ekstrand J, Burt J, editors. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, pp. 27-39.
• Vogel GL, Chow LC, Brown WE (1980). Microanalytical techniques with inverted solid state ion selection electrodes, 1. Nanoliter volumes. Anal Chem 52:375-377.
• Vogel GL, Carey CM, Chow LC, Brown WE (1987). Microelectrode techniques for the analysis of oral fluids. J Dent Res 66:1691-1697.
• Vogel GL, Carey CM, Chow LC, Ekstrand J. (1990a). Fluoride analysis in nanoliter- and microliter-size fluid samples. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):522-527.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Vogel GL, Carey CM, Chow LC, Tatevossian A. (1990b). Microanalysis of plaque fluid from single-site fasted plaque. J Dent Res 69:1316-1323.
• Vogel GL, Mao Y., Carey CM, Chow LC, Takagi S. (1992). In vivo fluoride concentrations measured for two hours after a NaF or a novel two-solution rinse. J Dent Res 3:448-452.
• Wefel JS, Harless JD (1984). Topical fluoride application and lesion progression in vitro. J Dent Res 63:1276-1278.
• White DJ, Nancollas GH (1990). Physical and chemical considerations of the role of firmly and loosely bound fluoride in caries prevention. J Dent Res 69(Spec Iss):587-594.
• Zero DT, Raubertas RF, Fu J., Pedersen AM, Hayes AL, Featherstone JD (1992). Fluoride concentrations in plaque, whole saliva and ductal saliva after application of home-use fluoride agents. J Dent Res 71:1768-1775.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 76, No. 3, 761-767 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345970760030801


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L.M.A. Tenuta, R.V. Cerezetti, A.A. Del Bel Cury, C.P.M. Tabchoury, and J.A. Cury Fluoride Release from CaF2 and Enamel Demineralization Journal of Dental Research, November 1, 2008; 87(11): 1032 - 1036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G.L. Vogel, Z. Zhang, C.M. Carey, A. Ly, L.C. Chow, and H.M. Proskin Composition of Plaque and Saliva Following a Sucrose Challenge and Use of an a-tricalcium-phosphate-containing Chewing Gum Journal of Dental Research, March 1, 1998; 77(3): 518 - 524. [Abstract] [PDF]

This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Vogel, G.L. Articles by Chow, L.C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Vogel, G.L. Articles by Chow, L.C. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?