This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Lang, H. Articles by Mertens, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lang, H. Articles by Mertens, T. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Formation of Differentiated Tissues in vivo by Periodontal Cell Populations Cultured in vitro

Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany

N. Schiiler

Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany

S. Arnhold

Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany

R. Nolden

Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany

T. Mertens

Department of Virology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany

The periodontium contains heterogeneous mesenchymal cell populations with various differentiation potentials. The capacity of these cells for tissue formation as well as the origin of their precursors are still not entirely defined. In this study, cells originating from different periodontal tissues were cultured in vitro, and tissue formation in vivo following orthotopic re-implantation was investigated. Cells were recovered from the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament tissue of six minipigs, and cultured cells were then grown on extracted dental roots from the homologous animals by means of co-culture in vitro. Each minipig received 2 roots covered with alveolar bone cells, 2 roots covered with periodontal ligament cells, and 2 control roots (without cells) implanted into palatal bone defects. Intravital fluorochrome labeling was performed, and two minipigs were histologically examined after 2, 4, and 12 weeks in each case. Controls showed widespread resorption and ankylosis, whereas roots covered with cultured periodontal cells exhibited tissue formation in vivo. Alveolar bone cells synthesized a calcified cellular tissue resembling cellular cementum, suggesting that cells within this population might differentiate into cementoblasts when re-implanted with a dental substrate in vivo. Periodontal ligament cells exhibited no calcified tissue formation in vivo, but cells synthesized a connective tissue with orientated fiber bundles attached to both host bone and root, resembling periodontal ligament. Results indicate that cultured cells retain the capacity to form differentiated periodontal tissues after re-implantation, depending on the cells' origin. Our findings also suggest that the alveolar bone contains cementogenic precursors with the potential to differentiate into active cementoblasts in the presence of a dental substrate.

Key Words: replantation • cell culture • cementum • periodontal ligament

REFERENCES

• Ashhurst DE, Ashton BA, Owen ME ( 1990). The collagens and glycosaminoglycans of the extracellular matrices secreted by bone marrow stromal cells cultured in vivo in diffusion chambers. J Orthop Res 8:741-749.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Ashton BA, Allen TD, Howlett CR, Eaglesom CC, Hattori A., Owen M. ( 1980). Formation of bone and cartilage by marrow stromal cells in diffusion chambers in vivo. Clin Orthop 151:294-307.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Ashton BA, Eaglesom CC, Bab I., Owen ME ( 1984). Distribution of fibroblastic colony-forming cells in rabbit bone marrow and assay of their osteogenic potential by an in vivo diffusion chamber method. Calcif Tissue Int 36:83-86.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Bab I., Ashton BA, Gazit D., Marx G., Williamson MC, Owen ME ( 1986). Kinetics and differentiation of marrow stromal cells in diffusion chambers in vivo. J Cell Sci 84:139-151.[Abstract]
• Bab I., Passi-Even L., Gazit D., Sekeles E., Ashton BA, Peylan-Ramu N., et al. (1988). Osteogenesis in in vivo diffusion chamber cultures of human marrow cells. Bone Miner 4:373-386.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Bennett JH, Joyner CJ, Triffitt JT, Owen ME ( 1991). Adipocytic cells cultured from marrow have osteogenic potential. J Cell Sci 99:131-139.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Boyko GA, Melcher AH, Brunette DM (1981). Formation of new periodontal ligament by periodontal ligament cells implanted in vivo after culture in vitro. J Periodont Res 16:73-88.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Brunette DM, Melcher AH, Moe HK (1976). Culture and origin of epithelium-like and fibroblast-like cells from porcine periodontal ligament explants and cell suspensions. Arch Oral Biol 21:393-400.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Donath K., Breuner G. (1982). A method for the study of undecalcified bones and teeth with attached soft tissues. The sawing and grinding technique. J Oral Pathol 11:318-326.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhyan RK, Gerasimov UV (1987). Bone marrow osteogenic stem cells: in vitro cultivation and transplantation in diffusion chambers. Cell Tissue Kinet 20:263-272.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Friedenstein AJ, Latzinik NW, Grosheva AG, Gorskaya UF (1982). Marrow microenvironment transfer by heterotopic transplantation of freshly isolated and cultured cells in porous sponges. Exp Hematol 10:217-227.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Gould TRL, Melcher AH, Brunette DM (1977). Location of progenitor cells in periodontal ligament of mouse molar stimulated by wounding. Anat Rec 188:133-141.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Hammer H. (1955). Reimplantation and implantation of teeth. Int Dent J 5:439-457.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Hirano H., Urist MR (1981). Bone-forming and bone-resorbing cell lines derived from bone marrow in tissue culture. Clin Orthop 154:234-248.
• Karring T., Nyman S., Lindhe J. (1980). Healing following implantation of periodontitis affected roots into bone tissue. J Clin Periodontol 7:96-104.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Lang H., Mertens T. (1989). Reimplantation of homologous, cultivated osteoblast-like cells for improvement of bone regeneration. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 18:244-248.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Limeback HF, Sodek J., Aubin JE (1983). Variation of collagen expression by cloned periodontal ligament cells. J Periodont Res 18:242-248.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Lindskog S., Blomlof L. (1992). Mineralized tissue-formation in periodontal wound healing. J Clin Periodontol 19:741-748.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Maniatopoulos C., Sodek J., Melcher AH (1988). Bone formation in vitro by stromal cells obtained from bone marrow of young adult rats. Cell Tissue Res 254:317-330.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Mardon HJ, Bee J., von der Mark K., Owen ME ( 1987). Development of osteogenic tissue in diffusion chambers from early precursor cells in bone marrow of adult rats. Cell Tissue Res 250:157-165.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Marmary Y., Brunette DM, Heersche JNM (1976). Differences in vitro between cells derived from periodontal ligament and skin of Macaca irus. Arch Oral Biol 21:709-716.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Melcher AH (1970). Repair of wounds in the periodontium of the rat. Influence of periodontal ligament on osteogenesis. Arch Oral Biol 15:1183-1204.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Melcher AH (1976). On the repair potential of periodontal tissues. J Periodontol 47:256-260.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Melcher AH, Cheong T., Cox J., Nemeth E., Shiga A. (1986). Synthesis of cementum-like tissue in vitro by cells cultured from bone: a light and electron microscope study. J Periodont Res 21:592-612.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Pitaru S., Gray A., Aubin JE, Melcher AH (1984). The influence of the morphological and chemical nature of dental surfaces on the migration, attachment, and orientation of human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 19:408-418.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Preisig E., Schroeder HE (1988). Long-term culture of human periodontal ligament cells with autologous root discs. J Periodont Res 23:211-216.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Rahn BA ( 1976). Die polychrome Sequenzmarkierung des Knochens. Acta Novo Leopoldina 44:249-255.
• Rao LG, Ng B., Brunette DM, Heersche JNM (1977). Parathyroid hormone- and prostaglandin E1-response in a selected population of bone cells after repeated subculture and storage at -80°C. Endocrinology 100:1233-1242.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Roberts WE, Mozsary PG, Klingler E. (1982). Nuclear size as a cell-kinetic marker for osteoblast differentiation. Am J Anat 165:373-384.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Robey PG, Termine JD (1985). Human bone cells in vitro. Calcif Tissue Int 37:453-460.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Schroeder HE (1986). Development, structure and function of periodontal tissues. In: Handbook of microscopic anatomy. Vol. 5. The periodontium. Schroeder HE, editor. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo: Springer, pp. 182-221.
• Sykes B., Puddle B., Francis M., Smith R. (1976). The estimation of two collagens from human dermis by interrupted gel electrophoresis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 72:1472-1480.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Takagi K., Urist MR (1982). The role of bone marrow in bone morphogenetic protein-induced repair of femoral massive diaphyseal defects. Clin Orthop 171:224-231.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 74, No. 5, 1219-1225 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345950740051201


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. Saito, T. Yoshizawa, F. Takizawa, M. Ikegame, O. Ishibashi, K. Okuda, K. Hara, K. Ishibashi, M. Obinata, and H. Kawashima A cell line with characteristics of the periodontal ligament fibroblasts is negatively regulated for mineralization and Runx2/Cbfa1/Osf2 activity, part of which can be overcome by bone morphogenetic protein-2 J. Cell Sci., November 1, 2002; 115(21): 4191 - 4200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Lang, N. Schuler, and R. Nolden Attachment Formation Following Replantation of Cultured Cells into Periodontal Defects--a Study in Minipigs Journal of Dental Research, February 1, 1998; 77(2): 393 - 405. [Abstract] [PDF]

This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Lang, H. Articles by Mertens, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lang, H. Articles by Mertens, T. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?