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Journal of Dental Research
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Stage-specific Expression of Decapentaplegic-Vg-related Genes 2, 4, and 6 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2, 4, and 6) During Human Tooth Morphogenesis

K. Heikinheimo

Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, SF-20520 Turku, Finland; and Department of Pathology, P.O. Box 21 (Haartmaninkatu 3), University of Helsinki, SF-00014 Helsinki, Finland

Members of the decapentaplegic-Vg-related (DVR) gene family are diffusible signaling molecules regulating inductive tissue interactions during vertebrate development. Expression of DVR/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2, 4, and 6 was studied in human fetal teeth. Sequential morphogenetic stage-specific studies of DVR/BMP 2 and 4 mRNA expression by in situ hybridization revealed transcripts for DVR/BMP 4 during compaction of the dental mesenchyme. In contrast, DVR/BMP 2 mRNA appeared later during tooth development and was located in differentiated cells (odontoblasts). These results were confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which detected DVR/BMP 2 and 4 mRNA in human tooth-germ samples. DVR/BMP 6 protein was distributed in the early dental epithelium and, later, in pre-odontoblasts and odontoblasts, where it remained during dentin formation. These results suggest that DVR/BMP 4 is involved in the early tooth morphogenesis. DVR/BMP 6 may, in particular, be implicated inepithelial-mesenchymalinteractionscontrolling cytodifferentiation. DVR/BMP 2 and 6 may also be involved in odontoblast secretory function. The results suggest that members of the DVR gene family may play regulatory roles during human tooth development.

Key Words: Gene Expression • Hybridization • Immunohistochemistry • Odontogenesis • RNA Probes

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 73, No. 3, 590-597 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345940730030401
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