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A Quantitative Study of Calcium Binding and Aggregation in Selected Oral Bacteria
R.K. Rose
MRC Dental Group, The Dental School, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
G.H. Dibdin
MRC Dental Group, The Dental School, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
R.P. Shellis
MRC Dental Group, The Dental School, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom
By means of micro-equilibrium dialysis, calcium binding capacities and affinities were measured in three different oral bacteria, and the effects of extracellular polysaccharide, pH, and aggregation were investigated. Binding capacities of 31.0 ± 2.1 (C. matruchotii), 34.7 ± 3.7 (S. sanguis), and 41.5 ± 5.4 (S. downei) µmol calcium/g wet weight of cells were found at pH 7.0, falling to 21.4 ± 0.8 µmol calcium/g wet wt. cells at pH 5.0 for S. downei. Dissociation constants were found to vary between 0.78 ± 0.24 and 1.77 ± 0.30 mmol/L (at pH 7.0, depending on species), and between 0.62 ± 0.04 and 1.77 ± 0.30 (in the pH range 5.0 to 7.0, for S. downei only). Examination suggested that at pH 7.0 calcium-facilitated bacterial association occurs in the streptococci with calcium uptake curves analogous with those of positively cooperative systems. Desorption of calcium from aggregated S. downei suggested that the mechanism of desorption differed from that of uptake. This may be an important factor in plaque formation and in the binding of cells to the surface of formed plaque. Plaque calcium forms a reservoir, readily released by a pH drop, which may increase plaque fluid saturation and reduce demineralization.
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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 72, No. 1,
78-84 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345930720011201
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