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Journal of Dental Research
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The Effect of Local Application of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol on Osteoclast Numbers in Orthodontically Treated Rats

T. Takano-Yamamoto

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan

M. Kawakami

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan

Y. Kobayashi

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan

T. Yamashiro

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan

M. Sakuda

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan

Orthodontic tooth movement requires remodeling of periodontal tissues, especially alveolar bone. 1,25-(OH)2D3, the active form of vitamin D 3, is known to be a potent stimulator of osteoclastic bone resorption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local application of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on osteoclast numbers induced by experimental tooth movement. A piece of orthodontic elastic band was inserted between the first and second upper molars of male Wistar rats weighing about 200 g each. Twenty µL of 1,25-(OH)2D3 (10-12-10 -7 mol/L) was injected locally into the submucosal palatal area of the root bifurcation of the right first molar. The left side was injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The number of osteoclasts was counted in a 700 x 1050 µm2 area of the interradicular septum. The local injection of 1,25-(OH)2D3 caused a dose-dependent increase in osteoclast number. The effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 reached a response plateau at 10-10 mol/L when greater than a threefold rise in osteoclast number was attained compared with the PBStreated controls. While the insertion of a piece of elastic band for three days induced a significant increase in osteoclasts in the alveolar bone, daily injections of 20 µL of 10-10 mol/M 1,25-(OH)2D 3 for three days markedly stimulated the numbers of osteoclasts induced by the insertion of an elastic band. 1,25-(OH)2D3 was apparently synergistic with mechanical stimuli, resulting in enhancement of the numbers of osteoclasts induced by mechanical stimuli alone. These findings suggest that the local application of 1,25-(OH)2D 3 acted directly to increase osteoclast number and to potentiate osteoclastic bone resorption induced by mechanical stimuli.

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 71, No. 1, 53-59 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345920710010901
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T. Takano-Yamamoto, M. Kawakami, and T. Yamashiro
Effect of Age on the Rate of Tooth Movement in Combination with Local Use of 1,25(OH) 2D3 and Mechanical Force in the Rat
Journal of Dental Research, August 1, 1992; 71(8): 1487 - 1492.
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