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Journal of Dental Research
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Chemical and Molecular Weight Analyses of Prosthodontic Soft Polymers

D.W. Jones

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

G.C. Hall

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

E.J. Sutow

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

M.F. Langman

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

K.N. Robertson

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Applied Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

A number of studies have been made investigating the properties of dental prosthodontic soft polymer materials. In such materials, which are used as short-term denture soft liners, the polymer component is complexed with one or more plasticizers. This lowers the glass transition temperature, Tg, of the polymer by allowing greater chain mobility and produces a more flexible material. Little information is available relating to the polymer components of such soft-lining materials. The chemical composition and molecular-weight distribution of a polymer help to determine its ability to form a plasticized soft polymer-gel. In the present work, both pyrolysis depolymerization/gas chromatography (GC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) have been used to characterize 11 commercial polymer powders. By use of SEC and polymer standards having a narrow molecular-weight range, it has been possible for accurate molecular-weight distributions to be determined for all 11 powders. The peak molecular weights were found to be between 1.79 x 105 and 3.28 x 105. These values are above the molecular weight at which chain entanglement occurs. The polydispersity ratios (Mw/Mn) were between 2.09 and 4.48. Methacrylate polymers can be readily decomposed thermally to their constituent monomers, which, once recovered, can be analyzed by gas chromatography. The simple pyrolysis apparatus used in the present study was easily assembled and was capable of producing both qualitative and quantitative results. None of the commercial polymers analyzed gave methacrylate decomposition products with pendant chains greater than ethyl (-CH2-CH3). All of the commercial polymers successfully studied by the pyrolysis test method proved to be poly(ethyl [100-79%]/methyl [0-21%] methacrylate) polymers or co-polymers.

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 70, No. 5, 874-879 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345910700050201
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B.S. Graham, D.W. Jones, and E.J. Sutow
An in vivo and in vitro Study of the Loss of Plasticizer from Soft Polymer-gel Materials
Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1991; 70(5): 870 - 873.
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