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The Effect of pH on the Sensitivity of Species of Lactobacillus to Chlorhexidine and the Antibiotics Minocycline and Spiramycin

Department of Rehabilitative Dental Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E OW2

G.H. Bowden

Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E OW2

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of a range of Lactobacillus species to chlorhexidine, Minocycline, and Spiramycin, at a range of pH from 5.0 to 7.4. Strains of Streptococcus were also tested for their sensitivity to chlorhexidine, as a comparison between the genera. There were both inter- and intra-species variations in the sensitivity of these strains to chlorhexidine. The strains tested were sensitive at pH 6. 7 to the following levels of chlorhexidine (µg/mL) : L. casei (6 strains), 10-60; L. plantarum (4 strains), 40; L. fermentum (13 strains), 2-20; L. brevis (1 strain), 10; and L. acidophilus (3 strains), 10-60. The Streptococcus species were sensitive to 1-4 µ/mL (13 strains); 4-10 µg/mL (3 strains); and 10-20 µg/mL (2 strains). One strain was able to survive 20 µg/mL. Chlorhexidine was found to be less effective at lower pH levels. The following examples show sensitivity (µg/mL) at pH 6.5 followed by sensitivity at pH 5.0 : L. casei (ATCC 15008), 40,60 ; L. plantarum (CH 374), 40,100 ; L. fermentum (CH 324) 10,40 ; L. acidophilus (ATCC 4356), 10,40 ; and S. mutans (BM 52), 2,2.

All of the strains of Lactobacillus tested with Spiramycin were resistant at pH 5.0. Minocycline was less affected by changes in pH, but at pH 7.4 Lactobacillus strains were more resistant to Minocycline as compared with Spiramycin. Both of these antibiotics are bacteriostatic, and therefore may have a more limited effect than a bactericidal agent such as chlorhexidine.

The Lactobacillus strains tested required higher concentrations of chlorhexidine than did the strains of Streptococcus for a killing effect in vitro.

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 68, No. 7, 1146-1150 (1989)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345890680070201


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This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Cleghorn, B. Articles by Bowden, G.H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Cleghorn, B. Articles by Bowden, G.H. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB MINOCYCLINE SPIRAMYCIN Social Bookmarking                         What's this?