|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Micro-analysis of Mineral Saturation Within Enamel During Lactic Acid Demineralization
G.L. Vogel
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
C.M. Carey
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
L.C. Chow
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
T.M. Gregory
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
W.E. Brown
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
In this study, the physicochemical factors responsible for caries-like lesion propagation were investigated by means of a micro-analytical system used to study the fluid within a lesion during a simulation of the decay process. Four 500-µm-thick serial sections prepared from a single human molar were mounted between glass plates with only the natural surface of the tooth exposed. Microwells were then drilled into sound and pre-existing carious regions of the section through one of the plates. These microwells were then filled with fluid under mineral oil, and after a week of equilibration, the natural surface of the section was exposed to a lesion-producing fluid. The concentrations of calcium, phosphate, and hydrogen ions of the fluid in the wells were then followed as a function of time as the lesion advanced.
The results of this study, in which lactic acid was used to demineralize enamel, were consistent with those previously reported (Vogel et aL, 1987a): The solution within the lesion remained saturated during the acid attack. Differences in initial mobilities of the calcium and phosphate and other ions, a result of the permselectivity of the enamel, increased the concentrations within the lesion and permanently changed the ratio of these ions in the lesion solution. Based on these results, we suggest that the ionic permselectivity of tooth enamel can have a profound effect on the transport of mineral from a caries lesion.
REFERENCES
- Arends, J. and Christoffersen, J. (1986): The Nature of Early Caries Lesions in Enamel, J Dent Res 65:2-11.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Brown, W.E. (1960): Behavior of Slightly Soluble Calcium Phosphates as Revealed by Phase Equilibrium Calculations, Soil Sci 90:50-57.
- Brown, W.E. (1974): Physicochemical Mechanisms in Dental Caries, J Dent Res 53:204-216.[Free Full Text]
- Brown, W.E. and Chow, L.C. (1981): Thermodynamics of Apatite Crystal Growth and Dissolution, J Cryst Growth 53:31-41.[CrossRef]
- Brown, W.E. and Chow, L.C. (1986): Effects of Neutral Salts in a Bench-scale Caries Model, J Dent Res 65:1115-1120.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Chow, L.C. and Brown, W.E. (1982): Effects of Membrane Permselectivity on Rates of Caries Progression: A Bench Scale Study, J Dent Res 61:233, Abst. No. 488.
- Chow, L.C. and Brown, W.E. (1984): A Physicochemical Bench-scale Caries Model, J Dent Res 63:868-873.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Christoffersen, J. and Arends, J. (1982): Progress of Artificial Carious Lesions in Enamel, Caries Res 16:433-439.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Crommelin, D.J.; Higuchi, W.I.; Fox, J.L.; Spooner, P.J.; and Katdare, A.V. (1983): Dissolution Rate Behavior of Hydroxyapatite-Fluorapatite Mixtures, Caries Res 17:289-296.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Daniels, F.; Mathews, J.H.; Williams, J.W.; Bender, P.; and Alberty, R.A. (1956): Experimental Physical Chemistry, 5th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, pp. 321-341.
- Davies, C.W. (1962): Ion Association, Washington: Butter-worth's, p. 41.
- Featherstone, J.D.B.; Duncan, J.F.; and Cutress, T.W. (1979): A Mechanism for Dental Caries Based on Chemical Processes and Diffusion Phenomena during in vitro Caries Simulation on Human Tooth Enamel, Arch Oral Biol 24:101-112.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Gregory, T.; Moreno, E.; and Brown, W.E. (1970): Solubility of CaHPO4·2H2O in the System Ca(OH)2 -H3PO4-H2O at 5, 15, 25 and 37.5°C, J Res NBS 74A:461-475.
- Little, M.F. (1961): Studies on the Inorganic Carbon Dioxide Component of Human Enamel. II. The Effect of Acid on Enamel CO2, J Dent Res 40:903-914.[Free Full Text]
- Higuchi, W.I.; Gray, J.A.; Hefferren, J.J.; and Patel, P.R. (1965): Mechanisms of Enamel Dissolution in Acid Buffers, J Dent Res 44:330-341.[Free Full Text]
- Margolis, H.C. and Moreno, E.C. (1985): Kinetic and Thermodynamic Aspects of Enamel Demineralization, Caries Res 19:22-35.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Margolis, H.C.; Murphy, B.J.; and Moreno, E.C. (1985): Development of Carious-Like Lesions in Partially Saturated Lactate Buffers, Caries Res 19:36-45.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- McDowell, H.; Brown, W.E.; and Sutter, J.R. (1971): Solubility Study of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate. Ion-pair Formation, Inorg Chem 10:1638-1643.[CrossRef]
- McDowell, H.; Gregory, T.M.; and Brown, W.E. (1977): Solubility of Ca5(PO4)3OH in the System Ca(OH)2-H3PO4-H2O at 5, 15, 25, and 37°C, J Res NBS (A Phys Chem) 81A:273-281.
- Moreno, E.C.; Gregory, T.M.; and Brown, W.E. (1968): Preparation and Solubility of Hydroxyapatite, J Res NBS (Phys and Chem) 72A:773-782.
- Moreno, E.C. and Zahradnik, R.T. (1974): Chemistry of Enamel Subsurface Demineralization in vitro, J Dent Res 53:226-235.[Free Full Text]
- Patel, P.R. and Brown, W.E. (1975): Thermodynamic Solubility Product of Human Tooth Enamel: Powdered Samples, J Dent Res 54:728-736.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Patel, P.; Chow, L.C.; and Brown, W.E. (1980): Effect of Carbonate on the Apparent Solubility of Apatite, J Dent Res 60 (Sp Iss A): No. 569.
- Silverstone, L.M. (1973): Structure of Carious Enamel, Including the Early Lesion. In: Oral Sciences Reviews: No. 3 Dental Enamel, A.H. Melcher and G.A. Zarb, Eds., Copenhagen: Munksgaard, pp. 100-160.
- Takaesu, Y.; Moreno, E.C.; and Brudevold, F. (1973): EMF Measurements Across Hydroxyapatite Membranes, Arch Oral Biol 18:717-728.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Theuns, H.M. (1987): The Influence of In-Vitro and In Vivo Demineralizing Conditions on Dental Enamel, Netherlands Institute for Preventive Medicine, Utrecht.
- Tung, M.S. and Brown, W.E. (1983): Characterization and Modification of Electrochemical Properties of Teeth, J Dent Res 62:60-64.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Van Dijk, J.W.E. (1985): Caries Mechanisms and the Permeability of Tooth Enamel. In: Tooth Development and Caries, Vol. II, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 1-24.
- Van Dijk, J.W.E.; Borggreven, J.M.P.M.; and Driessens, F.C.M. (1979): Chemical and Mathematical Simulation of Caries, Caries Res 13:160-180.
- Van Dijk, J.W.E.; Waters, N.E.; Borggreven, J.M.P.M.; and Driessens, F.C.M. (1977): Some Electrochemical Characteristics of Human Tooth Enamel, Arch Oral Biol 22:399-403.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Vogel, G.L.; Chow, L.C.; and Brown, W.E. (1983): A Microanalytical Procedure for the Determination of Calcium, Phosphate and Fluoride in Enamel Biopsies, Caries Res 17:23-31.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Vogel, G.L.; Carey, C.M.; Chow, L.C.; Gregory, T.M.; and Brown, W.E. (1987a): Ultramicro Analysis of the Fluid in Enamel During in vitro Caries Attack by Hydrochloric Acid, Caries Res 21:310-325.[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Vogel, G.L.; Carey, C.M.; Chow, L.C.; and Brown, W.E. (1987b): Micro-electrode Techniques for the Analysis of Oral Fluids, J Dent Res 66:1691-1697.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Weatherell, J.A. and Robinson, C. (1968): Micro Determination of Carbonate in Dental Enamel, Analyst 93:244-248.[CrossRef][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 67, No. 9,
1172-1180 (1988)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345880670090601
 CiteULike  Complore  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
C. Robinson, R.C. Shore, S.J. Brookes, S. Strafford, S.R. Wood, and J. Kirkham
The Chemistry of Enamel Caries
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine,
January 1, 2000;
11(4):
481 - 495.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.L. Vogel, Z. Zhang, C.M. Carey, A. Ly, L.C. Chow, and H.M. Proskin
Composition of Plaque and Saliva Following a Sucrose Challenge and Use of an a-tricalcium-phosphate-containing Chewing Gum
Journal of Dental Research,
March 1, 1998;
77(3):
518 - 524.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.L. Vogel, Y. Mao, C.M. Carey, and L.C. Chow
Changes in the Permselectivity of Human Teeth during Caries Attack
Journal of Dental Research,
February 1, 1997;
76(2):
673 - 681.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.J. White
The Application of in Vitro Models to Research on Demineralization and Remineralization of the Teeth
Advances in Dental Research,
November 1, 1995;
9(3):
175 - 193.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.M. Ten Cate
In Situ Models, Physico-Chemical Aspects
Advances in Dental Research,
July 1, 1994;
8(2):
125 - 133.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.A.M. Exterkate, J.J.M. Damen, and J.M. Ten Cate
A Single-section Model for Enamel De- and Remineralization Studies. 1. The Effects of Different Ca/P Ratios in Remineralization Solutions
Journal of Dental Research,
December 1, 1993;
72(12):
1599 - 1603.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.M. Carey, G.L. Vogel, and L.C. Chow
Permselectivity of Sound and Carious Human Dental Enamel as Measured by Membrane Potential
Journal of Dental Research,
December 1, 1991;
70(12):
1479 - 1485.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.L. Vogel, C.M. Carey, L.C. Chow, and A. Tatevossian
Micro-analysis of Plaque Fluid from Single-site Fasted Plaque
Journal of Dental Research,
June 1, 1990;
69(6):
1316 - 1323.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
