Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

CiteULike is a free service for managing and discovering scholarly references - click here to get started.

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Journal of Dental Research
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Schilling, K.M.
Right arrow Articles by Bowen, W.H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Schilling, K.M.
Right arrow Articles by Bowen, W.H.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

The Activity of Glucosyltransferase Adsorbed onto Saliva-coated Hydroxyapatite

K.M. Schilling

Departments of Dental Research and Microbiology, The University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642

W.H. Bowen

Departments of Dental Research and Microbiology, The University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642

This study aimed to determine physical and kinetic properties of glucosyltransferase (GTF) adsorbed onto hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces. For development of a solid-phase enzyme assay, 4.0-mg samples of washed HA powder were exposed to centrifuged whole saliva (WSHA) or buffer, and subsequently exposed to a GTF solution. The activities of GTF adsorbed to HA and that remaining in solution were measured. WSHA was more effective in adsorbing GTF than was naked HA. Enzyme activity on the surface of WSHA was enhanced; more activity was detected on WSHA than was apparently removed from solution. A similar effect was observed when GTF was adsorbed to naked HA from a mixture with lysozyme or saliva; however, no enhancement was seen when GTF was adsorbed from a mixture with albumin. Compared with GTF in solution, adsorbed GTF displayed activity over a much wider range of pH values. Temperature-activity profiles indicated that GTF adsorbed to surfaces had a lower temperature optimum (40°C) than did soluble enzyme (45°C), and that the bound enzyme was more resistant to adverse effects of heat at elevated temperatures. The majority of glucan made by GTF adsorbed to parotid saliva-coated HA remained attached to the surface. The activity of lysozyme adsorbed to HA was reduced by adsorption of GTF to the same surface and was almost completely abolished by formation of glucans by the adsorbed GTF. These results suggest that soluble bacterial enzymes found in saliva can be incorporated into pellicle, interact with host-derived molecules on the surfaces of teeth, express enzymatic activity, and potentially influence the biological properties of pellicle.

REFERENCES

  • Asem, K.G.; Kenney, A.C.; and Cole, J.A. (1986): Origin and Function of the Multiple Extracellular Glucosyltransferase Species from Cultures of a Serotype c Strain of Streptococcus mutans, Arch Biochem Biophys 244:607-618.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Burne, R.A.; Rubinfeld, B.; Bowen, W.H.; and Yasbin, R.E. (1986): Tight Genetic Linkage of Glucosyltransferase and Dextranase of Streptococcus mutans GS-5, J Dent Res 65:1392-1401.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Burne, R.A.; Schilling, K.; Bowen, W.H.; and Yasbin, R.E. (1987): Cloning and Partial Characterization of a p-D-Fructosidase of Streptococcus mutans GS-5. In: Streptococcal Genetics, R. Curtiss III and J. Ferretti, Eds., Washington: ASM, pp. 220-224.
  • Carlsson, J. (1970): A Levansucrase from Streptococcus mutans, Caries Res 4:97-113.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ciardi, J.E.; Bowen, W.H.; and Rolla, G. (1978): The Effect of Antibacterial Compounds on Glucosyltransferase Activity from Streptococcus mutans, Arch Oral Biol 23:301-305.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • De Stoppelaar, J.D.; Konig, K.G.; Plasschaert, A.J.M.; and Van Der Hoeven, J.S. (1971): Decreased Cariogenicity of a Mutant of Streptococcus mutans, Arch Oral Biol 16:971-975.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Dibdin, G.H.; Wilson, C.M.; and Shellis, R.P. (1983): Effect of Packing Density and Polysaccharide to Protein Ratio of Plaque Samples Cultured in vitro upon Their Permeability, Caries Res 17:52-58.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Fukui, K.; Fukui, Y.; and Moriyama, T. (1974): Acceleration of Dextransucrase Activity of Streptococcus mutans by Secretory Immunoglobulin A, J Bact 118:805-809.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Germaine, G.R.; Schachtele, C.F.; and Chludzinski, A.M. (1974): Rapid Filter Paper Assay for the Dextransucrase Activity of Streptococcus mutans, J Dent Res 53:1355-1360.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Germaine, G.R. and Tellefson, L.M. (1986): Potential Role of Lysozyme Activity of in vitro-Acquired Pellicle Against Streptococcus faecium 9790, Infect Immun 54:846-854.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Gibbons, R.J. (1984): Adherent Interactions That May Affect Microbial Ecology in the Mouth, J Dent Res 63:378-385.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Gibbons, R.J. (1986): Concluding Remarks and Areas for Future Research. In: Molecular Microbiology and Immunobiology of Streptococcus mutans, S. Hamada, S.M. Michalek, H. Kiyono, L. Menaker, and J.R. McGhee, Eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, pp. 433-445.
  • Gibbons, R.J. and Fitzgerald, R.J. (1969): Dextran-induced Agglutination of Streptococcus mutans, and its Potential Role in the Formation of Microbial Dental Plaques, J Bacteriol 98:341-346.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Guggenheim, B. and Burckhardt, J.J. (1974): Isolation and Properties of a Dextranase from Streptococcus mutans OMZ176, Helv Odont Acta 18:101-113.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hamada, S. and Slade, H.D. (1980): Biology, Immunology and Cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans, Microbiol Rev 44:331-384.[Free Full Text]
  • Hofstee, B.H.J. (1973): Immobilization of Enzymes Through NonCovalent Binding to Substituted Agaroses, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 53:1137-1144.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hojo, S.; Higuchi, M.; and Araya, S. (1976): Glucan Inhibition of Diffusion in Plaque, J Dent Res 55:169.[Free Full Text]
  • Kuramitsu, H.K. (1974): Adherence of Streptococcus mutans to Dextran Synthesized in the Presence of Extracellular Dextransucrase, Infect Immun 9:764-765.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kuramitsu, H.K. and Wondrack, L. (1983): Insoluble Glucan Synthesis by Streptococcus mutans Serotype c Strains, Infect Immun 42:763-770.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Laidler, K.J. and Bunting, P.S. (1980): The Kinetics of Immobilized Enzyme Systems, Meth Enzymol 64:227-249.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Larrimore, S.; Murchison, H.; Shiota, T.; Michalek, S.M.; and Curtiss, R., III (1983): In vitro and in vivo Complementation of Streptococcus mutans Mutants Defective in Adherence, Infect Immun 42:558-566.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Lashley, K.S. (1916): Reflex Secretion of the Parotid Gland, J Exp Psychol 1:461-493.[CrossRef]
  • Levine, M.J.; Tabak, L.A.; Reddy, M.; and Mandel, I.D. (1985): Nature of Salivary Pellicles in Microbial Adherence: Role of Salivary Mucins. In: Molecular Basis of Oral Microbial Adhesion, S.E. Mergenhagen and B. Rosan, Eds., Washington: ASM, pp. 125-130.
  • Markham, J.L.; Knox, K.W.; Wicken, A.J.; and Hewett, M.J. (1975): Formation of Extracellular Lipoteichoic Acid by Oral Streptococci and Lactobacilli, Infect Immun 12:378-386.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • McBride, B.C.; Morris, E.J.; and Gareshkumar, N. (1985): Relationship of Streptococcal Cell Surface Proteins to Hydrophobicity and Adherence. In: Molecular Basis of Oral Microbial Adhesion, S.E. Mergenhagen and B. Rosan, Eds., Washington: ASM, pp. 85-93.
  • McCabe, R.M. and Donkersloot, J.A. (1977): Adherence of Veillonella Species Mediated by Extracellular Glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus salivarius, Infect Immun 18:726-734.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • McCabe, M.M. and Hamelik, R.M. (1978): Multiple Forms of Dextran-binding Proteins from Streptococcus mutans, Adv Exp Med Biol 107:749-759.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Melson, B.; Kaae, O.; Rolla, G.; Fejerskov, O.; and Kar-Ring, T. (1979): Penetration of Ions in Human Dental Plaque, Arch Oral Biol 24:75-81.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Mukasa, H.; Shimamura, A.; and Tsumori, H. (1979): Effects of Salts on Water-insoluble Glucan Formation by Glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans, Infect Immun 23:564-576.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Newman, B.M.; White, P.; Mohan, S.B.; and Cole, J.A. (1980): Effect of Dextran and Ammonium Sulfate on the Reaction Catalysed by a Glucosyltransferase Complex from Streptococcus mutans, J Gen Microbiol 118:353-366.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Parniak, V.K.; Luzio, G.A.; Grahame, D.A.; Ditson, S.L.; and Mayer, R.M. (1983): A D-Glucosylated Form of Dextransucrase: Preparation and Characteristics, Carbohydr Res 21:257-268.
  • Pruitt, K.M. and Adamson, M. (1977): Enzyme Activity of Salivary Lactoperoxidase Adsorbed to Human Enamel, Infect Immun 17:112-116.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Robrish, S.A.; Reid, W.; and Krichevsky, M.I. (1972): Distribution of Enzymes Forming Polysaccharide from Sucrose and the Composition of Extracellular Polysaccharide Synthesized by Streptococcus mutans, Appl Microbiol 24:184-190.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rolla, G.; Ciardi, J.E.; and Bowen, W.H. (1983a): Identification of IgA, IgG, Lysozyme , Albumin, a-Amylase, and Glucosyltransferase in the Protein Layer Adsorbed to Hydroxyapatite from Whole Saliva, Scand J Dent Res 91:186-190.
  • Rolla, G.; Ciardi, J.E.; Eggen, K.; Bowen, W.H.; and Afseth, J. (1983b): Free Glucosyl- and Fructosyltransferase in Human Saliva and Adsorption of These Enzymes to Teeth in vivo. In: Glucosyltransferase, Glucans, Sucrose, and Dental Caries, R.J. Doyle and J.E. Ciardi, Eds., Sp. Supp., Chemical Senses, Washington: IRL Press, pp. 21-30.
  • Rolla, G.; Ciardi, J.E.; and Schultz, S.A. (1983c): Adsorption of Glucosyltransferase to Saliva-coated Hydroxyapatite-Possible Mechanism for Sucrose-dependent Bacterial Colonization of Teeth, Scand J Dent Res 91:112-117.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rolla, G.; Ciardi, J.E.; Deas, M.; Lau, A.; and Bowen, W.H. (1984): Adherence of Active Glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans to Ionic, Hydrophobic, and Dextran Surfaces. In: Bacterial Adhesion and Preventive Dentistry, J.M. ten Cate, S.A. Leach, and J. Arends, Eds., Oxford, England: IRL Press, pp. 133-142.
  • Russell, R.R.B. (1979): Glucan Binding Proteins of Streptococcus mutans Serotype c, J Gen Microbiol 112:197-201.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Russell, R.R.B.; Donald, A.C.; and Douglas, C.W.I. (1983): Fructosyltransferase Activity of a Glucan-binding Protein from Streptococcus mutans, J Gen Microbiol 129:3243-3250.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Schachtele, C.F.; Harlander, S.K.; Bracke, J.W.; Ostrum, L.C.; Maltais, J.B.; and Billings, R.J. (1978): Streptococcus mutans Dextransucrase: Stimulation by Phospholipids from Human Sera and Oral Fluids, Infect Immun 22:714-722.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Scheie, A.A. and Rolla, G. (1984): Polysaccharide Production by Cell-free Transferases in Saliva in Relation to Salivary Microflora, Scand J Dent Res 92:43-49.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Scheie, A.A. and Rolla, G. (1986): Cell-free Glucosyltransferase in Saliva, Caries Res 20:344-348.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Shepard, D.; Donovan, M.; Raghupathy, E.; Yeung, K.; Owen, A.J.; and Dain, J.A. (1983): Effect of Immobilization on the Stability and Substrate Specificity of a-D-Galactosidase Isolated from the Invertebrate Turbo cornutus, Carbohydr Res 118:239-245.
  • Tanzer, J.M.; Freedman, M.L.; and Fitzgerald, R.J. (1985): Virulence of Mutants Defective in Glucosyltransferase, Dextran-mediated Aggregation, or Dextranase Activity. In: Molecular Basis of Oral Microbial Adhesion, S.E. Mergenhagen and B. Rosan, Eds., Washington: ASM, pp. 204-211.
  • Woodward, J. (1985): Immobilised Enzymes: Adsorption and Covalent Coupling. In: Immobilised Cells and Enzymes, J. Woodward, Ed., Washington: IRL Press, pp. 3-17.
  • Zahradnik, R.T.; Moreno, E.C.; and Burke, E.J. (1976): Effect of Salivary Pellicle on Enamel Subsurface Demineralization in vitro, J Dent Res 55:664-670.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 67, No. 1, 2-8 (1988)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345880670010201
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 ADRHome page
H. Koo and J. G. Jeon
Naturally Occurring Molecules as Alternative Therapeutic Agents against Cariogenic Biofilms
Advances in Dental Research, August 1, 2009; 21(1): 63 - 68.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S.-J. Ahn, S.-J. Ahn, Z. T. Wen, L. J. Brady, and R. A. Burne
Characteristics of Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus mutans in the Presence of Saliva
Infect. Immun., September 1, 2008; 76(9): 4259 - 4268.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Antimicrob ChemotherHome page
A. Tam, M. Shemesh, U. Wormser, A. Sintov, and D. Steinberg
Effect of different iodine formulations on the expression and activity of Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferase and fructosyltransferase in biofilm and planktonic environments
J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2006; 57(5): 865 - 871.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
H. Koo, P. L. Rosalen, J. A. Cury, Y. K. Park, and W. H. Bowen
Effects of Compounds Found in Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Growth and on Glucosyltransferase Activity
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., May 1, 2002; 46(5): 1302 - 1309.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CROBMHome page
W. H. Bowen
DO WE NEED TO BE CONCERNED ABOUT DENTAL CARIES IN THE COMING MILLENNIUM?
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, March 1, 2002; 13(2): 126 - 131.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JDRHome page
D. Steinberg, L.K. Kopec, and W.H. Bowen
Adhesion of Actinomyces Isolates to Experimental Pellicles
Journal of Dental Research, June 1, 1993; 72(6): 1015 - 1020.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 JDRHome page
D. Steinberg, D. Beeman, and W.H. Bowen
Interactions of Delmopinol with Constituents of Experimental Pellicle
Journal of Dental Research, November 1, 1992; 71(11): 1797 - 1802.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 JDRHome page
K.M. Madison, W.H. Bowen, S.K. Pearson, and J.L. Falany
Enhancing the Virulence of Streptococcus sobrinus in Rats
Journal of Dental Research, January 1, 1991; 70(1): 38 - 43.
[Abstract] [PDF]

This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Schilling, K.M.
Right arrow Articles by Bowen, W.H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Schilling, K.M.
Right arrow Articles by Bowen, W.H.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?