This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Jones, D.W. Articles by Johnston, D.E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jones, D.W. Articles by Johnston, D.E. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Influence of Plasticizer on Soft Polymer Gelation

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

E.J. Sutow

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

B.S. Graham

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

E.L. Milne

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

D.E. Johnston

Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5

An evaluation has been made of the soft polymer gel systems of the type used as prosthodontic short-term denture-lining materials. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect upon gel strength and gelation time produced by variations in the composition of the plasticizer liquids. Poly(ethylmethacrylate) co-polymers were mixed with combinations of ethyl alcohol and the esters dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butylphthalyl butylglycolate (BPBG), and benzyl salicylate (BS).

The relative rate of gelation of plasticizer polymer compositions was obtained by means of a reciprocating rheometer. The gelation rate was found to increase rapidly with an increase in the ethyl alcohol content. Significantly shorter gelation times were also found with liquids containing the lower-molecular-weight esters. A linear relationship was found between the ethyl alcohol content and the log of the gelation time.

The higher-molecular-weight esters produced the strongest gel. A linear relationship was found between the gelation (log) times and the seven-day puncture strength. The ratio of polymer to plasticizer liquid was found to have a very significant influence upon the puncture strength and gelation time. Molecular weight or molecular volume of the ester plasticizers was found to have a greater influence on gel formation than the cohesive energy parameter. The strong polar bonding of ethyl alcohol was found to have a significant influence on both the rate of gel formation and the subsequent gel strength. The data indicate that controlled variations in the characteristics of plasticity and gel strength of dental soft polymer systems can be made to suit different clinical prosthodontic requirements.

REFERENCES

• Barton, A.F.M. (1983): CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, p. 209.
• Braden, M. (1966): The Composition, Structure and Flow Properties of Functional Impression Materials (Tissue Conditioners), Dent Pract 16:301-304.
• Braden, M. (1970 a): Tissue Conditioners. I. Composition and Structure, J Dent Res 49:145-148.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Braden, M. (1970 b): Tissue Conditioners. II. Rheologic Properties, J Dent Res 49:496-501.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Braden, M. (1971): The Rheology of Dental Tissue Conditioners, Rheol Act 10:86-90.
• Braden, M. and Causton, B.E. (1971): Tissue Conditioners. III. Water Immersion Characteristics, J Dent Res 50:1544-1547.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Braden, M. and Clark, R.L. (1972): Visco-elastic Properties of Soft-lining Materials, J Dent Res 51:1525.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Bruining, J.L. and Kintz, B.L. (1977): Computational Handbook of Statistics, 2nd ed. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman and Co.
• Cook, W.D. and Brockhurst, P. (1980): The Oscillating Rheometer - What Does It Measure?, J Dent Res 59:795-799.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Crank, J. and Robinson, C. (1950): Interferometric Studies in Diffusion. II. Influence of Concentration and Orientation on Diffusion in Cellulose Acetate, Proc R Soc: A204, 549.
• Dack, M.R.J. (1975): The Importance of Solvent Internal Pressure and Cohesion to Solution Phenomena, Chem Soc Rev 4:211.
• Doolittle, A.K. (1947): Application of a Mechanistic Theory of Solvent Action to Plasticizers and Plasticization, J Polymer Sci 2:121-141.
• Ellis, B.; Lamb, D.J.; and Nakash, A.L. (1977): Water Sorption by a Soft Liner, J Dent Res 56:1526.[Free Full Text]
• Ellis, B.; Lamb, D.J.; and McDonald, M.P. (1979): A Study of the Composition and Diffusion Characteristics of a Soft Liner, J Dent 7:133-140.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Frissell, W.J. (1961): Vinyl Plasticizers: Solvating Power Versus Structure, Mod Plastics 38:232-238.
• Ghersa, P. (1958): Effect of Small Quantities of Plasticizers in Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Compounds, Mod Plastics 36:135-136.
• Hildebrand, J.H. and Scott, R. (1950): The Solubility of Non-electrolytes, New York: Reinhold Publishers.
• Hildebrand, J.H.; Prausnitz, J.M.; and Scott, R. (1970): Regular and Related Solutions, New York: Van Nostrand, Reinhold.
• Jones, D.W.; Sutow, E.J.; Graham, B.S.; Opie, G.K.; and Briand, M.L. (1983): Rheology and Strength of Denture Soft Lining Materials, J Dent Res 62:661, Abstract #104.
• Jones, D.W.; Sutow, E.J.; Graham, B.S.; Opie, G.K.; and Milne, E.L. (1981): Flow Characteristics of Denture Soft Lining Resins, J Dent Res 60 (Sp Iss): 587, Abstract #1109.
• Jones, D.W.; Sutow, E.J.; Graham, B.S.; Opie, G.K.; and Milne, E.L. (1982): Setting Characteristics and Flow of Denture Soft Lining Materials, J Dent Res 61 (Sp Iss): 285, Abstract #962.
• Jones, D.W.; Sutow, E.J.; Milne, E.L.; and Graham, B.S. (1979): Functional Impression Materials and Tissue Conditioners - A Laboratory Investigation, J Dent Res 58 (Sp Iss): 140, Abstract #192.
• Kwei, T.K. and Wang, T. (1974): Diffusion in Glassy Polymers. In: Permeability of Plastic Films and Coatings, H.B. Hopfenberg, Ed., New York: Plenum Press.
• Mascia, L. (1974): The Role of Additives in Plastics, London, UK: Edward Arnold, p. 61.
• McCabe, J.R. (1976): Soft Lining Materials: Composition and Structure, J Oral Rehabil 3:273-278.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• McCarthy, J.A. and Moser, J.B. (1984): Tissue Conditioning and Functional Impressions Materials and Techniques, Dent Clin North Amer 28:239-251.
• McDevit, W.F. and Long, F.A. (1952): The Activity Coefficient of Benzene in Aqueous Salt Solutions, J Am Chem Soc 74:1773.[CrossRef]
• Ott, L. (1984): An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis, 2nd ed., Boston: Duxbury Press.
• Ouano, A.C.; Tu, Y.O.; and Carothers, J.A. (1977): Dynamics of Polymer Dissolution. In: Structure-Solubility Relationships in Polymers, F. Harris and R.B. Seymour, Eds., New York: Academic Press.
• Roger, C.E.; Semanik, J.R.; and Keegan, S. (1973): Transport Processes in Polymers. In: Structure and Properties of Polymer Films, R.W. Levy and R.S. Stein, Eds., New York, London: Plenum Press.
• Smith, C.C. (1962): Method and Composition for Facilitating the Fitting of Dental Appliances, U.S. Pat #3060, 577.
• Wilson, H.J. (1966): Elastomeric Impression Materials. Part I. The Setting Material, Br Dent J 121:277-283.
• Wilson, H.J.; Tomlin, H.R.; and Osborne, J. (1966): Tissue Conditioners and Functional Impression Materials, Br Dent J 121:9-16.
• Wright, P.S. (1976): Soft Lining Materials: Their Status and Prospects, J Dent 4:247.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Wright, P.S. (1981): Composition and Properties of Soft Lining Materials for Acrylic Dentures, J Dent 9:210-223.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 65, No. 5, 634-642 (1986)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345860650050101


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B.B. Harsanyi, W.C. Foong, R.E. Howell, P. Hidi, and D.W. Jones Hamster Cheek-pouch Testing of Dental Soft Polymers Journal of Dental Research, June 1, 1991; 70(6): 991 - 996. [Abstract] [PDF]

				B.S. Graham, D.W. Jones, and E.J. Sutow An in vivo and in vitro Study of the Loss of Plasticizer from Soft Polymer-gel Materials Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1991; 70(5): 870 - 873. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D.W. Jones, G.C. Hall, E.J. Sutow, M.F. Langman, and K.N. Robertson Chemical and Molecular Weight Analyses of Prosthodontic Soft Polymers Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1991; 70(5): 874 - 879. [Abstract] [PDF]

This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Jones, D.W. Articles by Johnston, D.E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jones, D.W. Articles by Johnston, D.E. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?