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Journal of Dental Research
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Paracrystalline Disorder of Biological and Synthetic Carbonate-substituted Apatites

D.G.A. Nelson

Chemistry Department, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

J.D.B. Featherstone

Dental Research Unit, M.R.C. of New Zealand, P.O. Box 27007, Wellington, New Zealand

J.F. Duncan

Chemistry Department, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

T.W. Cutress

Dental Research Unit, M.R.C. of New Zealand, P.O. Box 27007, Wellington, New Zealand

Para crystalline disorder, a type of lattice imperfection which results in a loss of long-range crystalline order, was assessed in a range of biological and synthetic apatites using x-ray diffraction data. Carbonate substitution in the apatite lattice increased the amount of paracrystalline disorder in synthetic precipitated apatites, whereas trace amounts of fluoride and, to a lesser extent, zinc and strontium partially offset the disorder induced by carbonate. Paracrystalline disorder was significantly reduced in synthetic apatites prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction. Human dental enamel was less disordered than either dentin or bone.

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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 61, No. 11, 1274-1281 (1982)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345820610111301
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