This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Bowen, R.L. Articles by Reed, L.E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bowen, R.L. Articles by Reed, L.E. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Semiporous Reinforcing Fillers for Composite Resins: I. Preparation of Provisional Glass Formulations

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Research Unit at the National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC 20034, USA

L.E. Reed

American Dental Association Health Foundation, Research Unit at the National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC 20034, USA

A conceptual means of obtaining improved bonding between filler particles and the polymeric binders of composites is presented. It involves preparing glass particles that separate into two interconnected vitreous phases when heated to an appropriate temperature, and then etching these to produce a porous surface layer. Candidate glass compositions were prepared and subjected to heat treatment in a gradient furnace. Compositions susceptible to phase separations were delineated.

REFERENCES

• Phillips, R.W.; Avery, R.; Mehra, R.; Swartz, M.L.; and McCune, R.J.: Observations on a Composite Resin for Class II Restorations: Three-Year Report, J Prosthet Dent 30: 891-897, 1973.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Osborne, J.W.; Gale, E.N.; and Ferguson, G.W.: One-Year and Two-Year Clinical Evaluation of a Composite Resin Vs Amalgam, J Prosthet Dent 30: 795-800, 1973.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Eames, W.B.; Strain, J.D.; Weitman, R.T.; and Williams, A.K.: Clinical Comparison of Composite, Amalgam, and Silicate Restorations, JADA 89: 1111-1117, 1974.
• Bowen, R.L., and Chandler, H.H.: Metal-Filled Resin Composites, J Dent Res 52: 522-532, 1973.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Bowen, R.L., and Cleek, G.W.: A New Series of X-Ray-Opaque Reinforcing Fillers for Composite Materials, J Dent Res 51: 177-182, 1972.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Levin, E.M., and Ugrinic, G.M.: The System Barium Oxide Boric Oxide-Silica, J Res Nat Bureau Standards 51:37-56, 1953.
• Levin, E.M., and Cleek, G.W.: Shape of Liquid Immiscibility Volume in the System Barium Oxide-Boric Oxide-Silica, J Am Ceram Soc 41: 175-179, 1958.[CrossRef]
• Ricci, J.E.: The Phase Rule and Heterogeneous Equilibrium, New York: Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 1951, pp 175-177.
• Roy, R.: Phase Equilibria and the Crystallization of Glass, Symposium on Nucleation and Crystallization in Glasses and Melts, Columbus, Ohio: The American Ceramic Society, 1962, pp 39-45.
• Flint, E.P., and Wells, L.S.: The System Lime-Boric Oxide-Silica, J Res Nat Bureau Standards 17: 745, 1936.
• Morey, G.W., and Ingerson, F.E.: The Melting of Danburite: A Study of Liquid Immiscibility in the System CaO-B2O3-SiO2, Am Mineral 22: 37-47, 1937.
• Kuzel, H.-J.: Untersuchung des Dreistoffsystems MgO-B2O3-SiO2, Neues Jahrb Mineral, Abhandl 100: 326, 1963.
• Levin, E.M.; Robbins, C.R.; and Mcmurdie, H.F.: Phase Diagrams for Ceramists 1969 Supplement, Columbus, Ohio: The American Ceramic Society, 1969, p 151.
• Ingerson, E.; Morey, G.W.; and Tuttle, O.F.: The Systems K2O-ZnO-SiO2, ZnO-B2O3-SiO2, and Zn2SiO4-Zn2GeO4, Am J Sci 246:31-40, 1948.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Hood, H.P., and Nordberg, M.E.: Treated Borosilicate Glass US Patent 2,106,744, 1938.
• Haller, W., and Macedo, P.B.: The Origin of Phase Connectivity in Microheterogeneous Glasses, Phys Chem Glasses 9:153-155, 1968.
• Haller, W.: Material and Method for Performing Steric Separations, US Patent 3,549,-524, 1970.
• Ohlberg, S.M.; Golob, H.R.; and Strickler, D.W.: Crystal Nucleation by Glass in Glass Separation, Symposium on Nucleation and Crystallation in Glasses and Melts. Columbus, Ohio: The American Ceramic Society, 1962, pp 55-62.
• Bowen, R.L.: Properties of a Silica-Reinforced Polymer for Dental Restorations, JADA 66: 57-64, 1963.
• Haller, W.; Blackburn, D.H.; Wagstaff, F.E.; and Charles, R.J.: Metastable Immiscibility Surface in the System Na2O-B2O3-SiO2, J Am Ceram Soc 53: 34-39, 1970.
• Levin, E.M., and Block, S.: Structural Interpretation of Immiscibility in Oxide Systems: III. Effect of Alkalis and Alumina in Ternary Systems, J Am Ceram Soc 41: 49-54, 1958.
• Levin, E.M.; Robbins, C.R.; and McMurdie, H.F.: Phase Diagrams for Ceramists, Columbus, Ohio: The American Ceramic Society 1964, pp 219, 220, 224 (and references therein).
• Doremus, R.H.: Glass Science, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1973, pp 45, 67-69.
• Srinivasan, G.R.; Tweer, I.; Macedo, P.B.; Sarkar, A.; and Haller, W.: Phase Separation in SiO2-B2O3-Na2O System, J Non-Crystalline Solids 6: 221-239, 1971.
• Haller, W.: Rearrangement Kinetics of the Liquid-Liquid Immiscible Microphases in Alkali Borosilicate Melts, J Chem Physics 42: 686-693, 1965.
• Cahn, J.W., and Charles, R.J.: The Initial Stages of Phase Separation in Glasses, Phys Chem Glasses 6: 181-191, 1965.
• MacDowell, J.F., and Beal, G.H.: Immiscibility and Crystallization in Al2O3-SiO2 Glasses, J Am Ceram Soc 52: 17-25, 1969.[CrossRef]

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 55, No. 5, 738-747 (1976)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345760550050701


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H. Suzuki, M. Taira, K. Wakasa, and M. Yamaki Refractive-index-adjustable Fillers for Visible-light-cured Dental Resin Composites: Preparation of TiO 2-SiO2 Glass Powder by the Sol-gel Process Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1991; 70(5): 883 - 888. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J.G. Calais and K.-J.M. Soderholm Influence of Filler Type and Water Exposure on Flexural Strength of Experimental Composite Resins Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1988; 67(5): 836 - 840. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H. Oysaed and I.E. Ruyter Water Sorption and Filler Characteristics of Composites for Use in Posterior Teeth Journal of Dental Research, November 1, 1986; 65(11): 1315 - 1318. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K.-J. Soderholm Degradation of Glass Filler in Experimental Composites Journal of Dental Research, November 1, 1981; 60(11): 1867 - 1875. [Abstract] [PDF]

				L. Ehrnford Composite Resins with a Condensable Inorganic Phase Journal of Dental Research, October 1, 1981; 60(10): 1759 - 1766. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R.L. Bowen Compatibility of Various Materials with Oral Tissues. I: The Components in Composite Restorations Journal of Dental Research, May 1, 1979; 58(5): 1493 - 1503. [Abstract] [PDF]

This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Bowen, R.L. Articles by Reed, L.E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Bowen, R.L. Articles by Reed, L.E. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?