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An Anti-c-Fms Antibody Inhibits Orthodontic Tooth Movement
H. Kitaura1,*,
M. Yoshimatsu1,
Y. Fujimura1,
T. Eguchi1,
H. Kohara1,
A. Yamaguchi2 and
N. Yoshida1
1 Divisions of Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan; and
2 Department of Oral Restitution, Section of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Figure 1. Time-course of changes in the amount of tooth movement in wild-type mice and TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient mice. Histological images and numbers of TRAP-positive cells on the pressure side of the distobuccal root of the first molar during orthodontic tooth movement. (A) Changes in the amount of tooth movement in wild-type (closed square) and TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient (open circle) mice. Wild-type: n = 4 (2 days), 4 (4 days), 6 (6 days), 10 (10 days), 11 (12 days). TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient mice: n = 6 (2 days), 4 (4 days), 9 (6 days), 10 (10 days), 4 (12 days). (B) TRAP-stained transverse section of wild-type and TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient mice. (C) The number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells in wild-type (black bar) and TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient (white bar) mice. Wild-type: n = 6. TNFR1/TNFR2-deficient mice: n = 4 each. *p < 0.05 by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Scale bar: 100 µm in (B). Results are expressed as means ± SD.
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Figure 2. The anti-c-Fms antibody inhibited orthodontic tooth movement by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, and had no effect on the side opposite the injection. Mice were injected daily with the anti-c-Fms antibody or PBS during orthodontic tooth movement. (A) Picture of tooth movement after mechanical loading for 12 days, with daily administration of PBS or anti-c-Fms antibody, and control. (B) The distance of tooth movement after mechanical loading for 12 days with daily administration of various doses of the anti-c-Fms antibody. n = 11 (0 µg), 9 (0.1 µg), 6 (1 µg), 5 (10 µg), and 5 (50 µg). (C) TRAP-stained horizontal section of tooth movement after mechanical loading for 12 days with daily administration of PBS or anti-c-Fms antibody and control. (D) The number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells in control (1), or each mouse injected daily with PBS (2) or anti-c-Fms antibody (3) during orthodontic tooth movement. n = 4 each. (E) TRAP-stained transverse section of a tooth on the side opposite to the daily injection with PBS or anti-c-Fms antibody (10 µg) for 12 days. (F) The number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells on the side opposite to the injection in mice injected daily with PBS (1) or anti-c-Fms antibody (2). n = 4 each. *p < 0.05 by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Scale bars: 1 mm in (B) and 100 µm in (C) and (E). Results are expressed as means ± SD.
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Figure 3. The anti-c-Fms antibody arrests osteoclastogenesis in vitro. (A) Bone marrow macrophages were cultured in the presence of M-CSF (100 ng/mL) and TNF- (50 ng/mL) with increasing amounts of anti-c-Fms antibody, for 3 days. Cells were stained for TRAP activity for the identification of osteoclasts. (B) Numbers of osteoclasts generated in wells containing various amounts of anti-c-Fms antibody. The numbers of osteoclasts were counted in 4 replicates. *p < 0.05 vs. 0 ng/mL by the Mann-Whitney U-test. Scale bar: 20 µm in (A). Results are expressed as means ± SD.
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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 4,
396-400 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700405
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