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Trigeminal Nociceptors Express Prostaglandin Receptors

¹ Departments of Endodontics and
² Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX-78229, USA

View larger version (26K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Co-expression of EP2 with TRPV1 in trigeminal sensory neurons. (A) Freshly isolated rat trigeminal ganglia were fixed, frozen immediately, and sectioned. The ISH-IHC was performed with a riboprobe against EP2 and an antibody against TRPV1 protein, respectively. A representative image demonstrating the co-expression of EP2 mRNA and TRPV1 protein is shown. The horizontal arrows denote examples of cells that expressed both. The vertical arrows in the image under the EP2-mRNA heading denote examples of cells that expressed only EP2, but not TRPV1. Conversely, the vertical arrows in the image under the TRPV1-protein heading denote examples of cells that expressed only TRPV1, but not EP2. A scale bar (50 µm) is shown at the bottom left of the image. (B) Cell counting was performed on trigeminal ganglia from multiple rats (N = 3, mean ± SEM), and data are represented as percent of cells expressing the given criteria. The total numbers of neurons counted for particular criteria are shown on individual bars. (C) Cell size distribution of cells counted across all the animals was measured and presented as percent of total cells in the respective diameter range.

View larger version (22K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Co-expression of EP3 with TRPV1 in trigeminal sensory neurons. (A) Freshly isolated rat trigeminal ganglia were fixed, frozen immediately, and sectioned. The ISH-IHC was performed with a riboprobe against EP2 and an antibody against TRPV1 protein, respectively. A representative image demonstrating the co-expression of EP3 mRNA and TRPV1 protein is shown. The horizontal arrows denote examples of cells that expressed both. The vertical arrows in the image under the EP3-mRNA heading denote examples of cells that expressed only EP3, but not TRPV1. Conversely, the vertical arrows in the image under the TRPV1-protein heading denote examples of cells that expressed only TRPV1, but not EP3. A scale bar (50µm) is shown at the bottom left of the image. (B) Cell counting was performed on trigeminal ganglia from multiple rats (N = 3, mean ± SEM), and data are represented as percent of cells expressing the given criteria. The total numbers of neurons counted for particular criteria are shown on individual bars. (C) Cell size distribution of cells counted across all the animals was measured and presented as percent of total cells in the respective diameter range.

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Effects of EP2 and EP3 agonists in trigeminal sensory neurons. (A) Cultured trigeminal ganglia neurons were exposed to either vehicle or butaprost (1 µM and 10 µM, 15 min) or sulprostone (1 µM and 10 µM, 15 min), and the supernatant was collected for measurement of the amount of iCGRP by radioimmunoassay [n = 6–18 wells per condition; data presented as % of basal release (mean ± SEM); *** = p < 0.001; butaprost- and sulprostone-evoked release was compared with the vehicle treatment by one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test]. (B) Cultured trigeminal ganglia neurons were exposed to either vehicle, butaprost (10 µM), or PGE2 (1 µM) for 15 min, and the supernatant was removed. The neurons were then exposed to capsaicin (30 nM, 15 min), and the supernatant was measured for amount of iCGRP [n = 6 wells per condition; data presented as % of basal release (mean ± SEM); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; capsaicin-evoked release following either PGE2 or butaprost pre-treatment was compared with vehicle pre-treatment by one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test].

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 3, 262-266 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700306


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