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Journal of Dental Research
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Can Systemic Diseases Co-induce (Not Just Exacerbate) Periodontitis? A Hypothetical "Two-hit" Model

L.M. Golub1,*, J.B. Payne2, R.A. Reinhardt2 and G. Nieman3

1 Department of Oral Biology & Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY;
2 Department of Surgical Specialties, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE; and
3 Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA


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  		Figure. A hypothetical "two-hit" model of induction of chronic destructive periodontitis. The first "hit" involves the periodontopathic subgingival biofilm and its microbial products, such as endotoxin. The second "hit" involves a medical systemic disease, such as (but not limited to) rheumatoid arthritis and post-menopausal osteoporosis, which increases biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the circulation, including C-reactive protein (CRP), cytokines (e.g., IL-6), prostanoids (e.g. , PGE2), and matrix metalloproteinases (e.g., MMP-9). CVD, cardiovascular disease.

 

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 85, No. 2, 102-105 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500201
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