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Identification of Markers of the Midface

¹ Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1011 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA;
² Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology/Head-Neck Surgery, University of Michigan; and
³ Physiology, Pharmacogenetics and Injury Program, Division of Basic and Translational Sciences (DBTS), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH, Building 45, Room 4AN-18B, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6402, Bethesda, MD 20892-6402, USA;

View larger version (64K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Spatial expression pattern of Tbx14/15 in the midface. Infero-frontal (A,C) and lateral (B,D) views of mouse embryos at TS6 (A,B) and TS12 (C,D). Transverse sections through the nasal pit of TS12 embryo (E) and the MxP of 11.5 dpc (F). No expression of the Tbx14/15 was present in the embryo at TS6. By TS12, expression of this gene was observed in the mesenchyme behind the LNP (white arrow in D; arrows in E) and in the caudal half of the MxP (white arrows in C,D). Expression in the MxP increased significantly in older embryos (11.5 dpc, F). All planes of orientation are as described in Gong and Guo (2003). MdP = mandibular process; *site of fusion.

View larger version (85K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Spatial expression pattern of K18 in the midface. Sections of embryos at TS6 (A,B) show high expression of K18 in the entire epithelial layer surrounding the craniofacial region. By TS14 (C,D), the expression of the gene remains strong in the epithelial lining of the nasal pit (C,D) and in the oral epithelium (arrowheads in C); expression elsewhere in the epithelial layer covering the other parts of the craniofacial region has disappeared. Embryos at 11.5 dpc (E,F) show expression in internal epithelial surfaces, such as in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity (E) and the epithelial lining of the tongue primordium (F). There is also expression in the corneal ectoderm of the eye (arrow in B). nc = nasal cavity, ey = eye, np = nasal pit.

View larger version (105K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Spatial expression pattern of Dkk1 in the midface. Transverse sections through the midface of TS4 (A), TS6 (B), TS11 (C,D), and TS16 (E,F) embryos. (A) is a section through the MxP on the left side and the MNP and LNP on the right side. Expression of Dkk-1 is strong in the mesenchyme surrounding the site of fusion of the MxP (white arrowhead in A and E) and the LNP and MNP; away from the site of fusion, the expression decreases and is more visible in the medial aspect of the MNP. This pattern is repeated in older embryos (TS11 - C,D). In TS16 embryos, the expression is particularly strong in the medial aspect of the MNP (arrowhead, F), directly adjacent to the fusion site (fusion contact area denoted by 3 small arrowheads in F), and in the mesenchyme directly underlying the LNP and MNP. rp = Rathe’s pouch, es = epithelial seam, np = nasal pit.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 84, No. 1, 69-72 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400112


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