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Amelogenin-guided Crystal Growth on Fluoroapatite Glass-ceramics

¹ Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, 707 Parnassus Avenue, D-2260, San Francisco, CA 94143-0758, USA; and
² Department of Growth and Development, University of California, 533 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;

View larger version (77K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. AFM tapping-mode images of FAP glass-ceramic substrates: (a) hexagonal (001)- planes of FAP after being polished and before the experiment; (b) sectional view, revealing 5-nm step height between glass and FAP; (c) substrate after 1 hr of immersion in 0.4 mg/mL rH174, showing nanospheres adhering to glass and FAP; (d) substrate after 24-hour immersion in 0.4 mg/mL rH174, showing that amelogenin nanospheres with diameters around 25 nm formed dense layers; (e) substrate after 24-hour immersion in 1.6 mg/mL rH174, revealing larger spherical aggregates of about 150 nm; and (f) characteristic amelogenin nanospheres (20 nm) are absent on glass (shown in image) and FAP at 1.6 mg/mL rH174 concentration.

View larger version (98K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. AFM image of (001)- planes of FAP. (a) After 24-hour immersion in protein-free CaP-sol, FAP crystal grew about 5 nm above the glass level. Arrows point to nano-precipitates of 15 to 20 nm. (b) After 24-hour immersion in CaP-sol containing 0.4 mg/mL rH174, showing amelogenin nanospheres and crystal growth on FAP of about 5 nm. (c) After 24-hour immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, showing crystal growth on FAP of, on average, 220 nm. (d) After 24-hour immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, showing surface of layer grown on (001)- plane of FAP. (e) After 24-hour immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, showing homogeneity of growth on FAP. (f) After 24-hour immersion in CaP-sol containing 2.0 mg/mL BSA.

View larger version (140K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. AFM images of (hk0)- planes of FAP: (a) before immersion; (b) after immersion in CaP-sol containing 0.4 mg/mL rH174, showing amelogenin nanospheres; (c) after immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, showing organization and alignment of nanoparticles (50 nm) in short string-like patterns approximately parallel to the c-axis of the underlying FAP crystal; and (d) after immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, showing increased height of layers grown on (001)- planes (130 nm) vs. (hk0)- planes (40 nm).

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Micro-Raman spectroscopy on substrates cut perpendicular to the extrusion axis: (a) as polished; (b) after immersion in CaP-sol containing 0.4 mg/mL rH174; and (c) after immersion in CaP-sol containing 1.6 mg/mL rH174, revealing a sharp peak at 963 cm–1, and smaller peaks at 705 and 1340 cm–1 (small arrows) and around 1450 and 1670 cm–1 (large arrows).

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 9, 698-702 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300908


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