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Journal of Dental Research
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The Emerging Role of the Insulin-like Growth Factors in Oral Biology

H. Werner1 and J. Katz2,*

1 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
2 Division of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, PO Box 100416, Gainesville, FL 32610-0416, USA;


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  		Figure. The IGF system. The IGF system is comprised of 3 ligands (insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II), 3 receptors (insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptors), and at least 6 IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP1-6). Naturally occurring hybrid receptors have been described in which an insulin {alpha}/β hemireceptor is linked to an IGF-I {alpha}/β hemireceptor. The black area in the receptor cytoplasmic region denotes the tyrosine kinase domain. The IGF-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor is a single-chain polypeptide composed of 15 repeat sequences and a short cytoplasmic domain. IGF-I and IGF-II circulate in blood and extracellular space linked to a family of binding proteins. IGFBP3 is the most abundant BP in serum, and it appears as a ternary complex that includes the ligand and an acid-labile subunit (ALS). IGFBP proteases have been described that cleave IGFBPs, thus modulating the bioavailability of IGF ligands. IGFBP6 exhibits a particularly high affinity for IGF-II.

 

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 11, 832-836 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408301102
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