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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Ovariectomy vs. Hypofunction: Their Effects on Rat Mandibular Bone

S.C.F. Rawlinson1, A. Boyde1, G.R. Davis1, P.G.T. Howell1,2, F.J. Hughes1 and V.J. Kingsmill1,*

1 Centre for Adult Oral Health, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Barts, and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Turner Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AD, UK; and
2 Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK

Correspondence: * v.j.kingsmill{at}qmul.ac.uk

Previous studies have suggested that the mandible may be more influenced by mechanical loading than by circulating hormone levels. We tested the hypothesis that hypofunction has a greater influence than ovariectomy on mandibular bone. Two-month-old rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or had maxillary molars removed from one side to induce unilateral mandibular hypofunction. Control animals remained untreated. After 5 months, animals were killed, and bones were assessed by micro-tomography (µCT), quantitative back-scattered electron analysis in an SEM (qBSE-SEM), and light microscopy. Mineralization density was reduced in calvarial, maxillary, and mandibular alveolar bone following OVX, yet was increased in lingual mandibular alveolar bone of the hypo-function animals compared with controls. OVX caused a reduction in osteocyte density in alveolar bone, while hypofunction showed an increase compared with controls. Hypofunction led to alveolar bone becoming more highly mineralized and more cellular, while ovariectomy caused a reduction in both mineralization density and osteocyte numbers.

Key Words: ovariectomy • hypofunction • osteocyte number • bone density • osteoporosis • alveolar bone

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 7, 615-620 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034509340132
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