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Journal of Dental Research
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Clinical

Glycemic Control and Implant Stabilization in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

T.W. Oates1,*, S. Dowell1,2, M. Robinson1,3 and C.A. McMahan4

1 Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA;
2 currently private practice, Abilene, TX;
3 currently private practice, Austin, TX; and
4 Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Correspondence: oates{at}uthscsa.edu

Diabetes mellitus is considered a relative contra-indication for implant therapy. However, the effect of glycemic level on implant integration in persons with diabetes remains poorly understood. The hypothesis of this research was that poor glycemic control is directly related to short-term-impairment implant stabilization. This prospective clinical study evaluated 10 non-diabetic individuals (12 implants) and 20 persons with type 2 diabetes (30 implants). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ranged from 4.7–12.6%. Implant stability was assessed by resonance frequency analysis over 4 months following placement. Minimum stability levels were observed 2–6 weeks following placement for all 42 implants. Persons with HbA1c ≥ 8.1% had a greater maximum decrease in stability from baseline and required a longer time for healing, as indicated by return of stability level to baseline. This study demonstrates alterations in implant stability consistent with impaired implant integration for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in direct relation to hyperglycemic conditions.

Key Words: implants • hyperglycemia • diabetes mellitus • resonance frequency analysis • implant stability

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 4, 367-371 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034509334203
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