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Synergistic Roles of Amelogenin and Ameloblastin

¹ Functional Genomics Section and
² Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and
³ Cartilage Biology and Orthopedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Dr., MSC 4395, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; and
⁴ Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

Correspondence: ak40m{at}nih.gov

Amelogenin and ameloblastin, the major enamel matrix proteins, are important for enamel mineralization. To identify their synergistic roles in enamel development, we generated Amel X^–/–/Ambn^–/– mice. These mice showed additional enamel defects in comparison with Amel X^–/– or Ambn^–/– mice. In 7-day-old Amel X^–/–/Ambn^–/– mice, not only was the ameloblast layer irregular and detached from the enamel surface, as in Ambn^–/–, but also, the enamel width was significantly reduced in the double-null mice as compared with Amel X^–/– or Ambn^–/– mice. Proteomic analysis of the double-null teeth revealed increased levels of RhoGDI (Arhgdia), a Rho-family-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor, which is involved in important cellular processes, such as cell attachment. Both Amel X^–/–/Ambn^–/– mice and Ambn^–/– mice displayed positive staining with RhoGDI antibody in the irregularly shaped ameloblasts detached from the matrix. Ameloblastin-regulated expression of RhoGDI suggests that Rho-mediated signaling pathway might play a role in enamel formation.

Key Words: enamel • amelogenin • ameloblastin • knockout mice • RhoGDI (Arhgdia)

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 4, 318-322 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034509334749


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