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Journal of Dental Research
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

Proteoglycans and Mechanical Behavior of Condylar Cartilage

X.L. Lu1, V.C. Mow2 and X.E. Guo1,*

1 Bone Bioengineering Laboratory,
2 Liu Ping Functional Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA

Correspondence: ed.guo{at}columbia.edu

Mandibular condylar cartilage functions as the load-bearing, shock-absorbing, lubricating material in temporomandibular joints. Little is known about the precise nature of the biomechanical characteristics of this fibro-cartilaginous tissue. We hypothesized that the fixed charge density associated with proteoglycans that introduces an osmotic pressure inside condylar cartilage will significantly increase the tissue’s apparent stiffness. Micro-indentation creep tests were performed on porcine TMJ condylar cartilage at 5 different regions—anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, and central—in physiologic and hypertonic solutions. The intrinsic and apparent mechanical properties, including aggregate modulus, shear modulus, and permeability, were calculated by indentation test data and the biphasic theory. The apparent properties (with osmotic effect) were statistically higher than those of the intrinsic solid matrix (without osmotic effect). Regional variations in fixed charge density, permeability, and mechanical modulus were also calculated for condylar surface. The present results provide important quantitative data on the biomechanical properties of TMJ condylar cartilage.

Key Words: temporomandibular joint (TMJ) • condyle head • osmotic pressure • triphasic theory • micro-indentation

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 3, 244-248 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034508330432
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