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Journal of Dental Research
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

Fine-tuning of Bioactive Glass for Root Canal Disinfection

T. Waltimo1, D. Mohn2, F. Paqué3, T.J. Brunner2, W.J. Stark2, T. Imfeld3, M. Schätzle4 and M. Zehnder3,*

1 Institute of Oral Microbiology and Preventive Dentistry, University of Basel Center of Dental Medicine;
2 Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich;
3 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University of Zürich Center of Dental Medicine, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland; and
4 Department of Orthodontics and Pedodontics, University of Zürich Center of Dental Medicine, Switzerland

Correspondence: matthias.zehnder{at}zzmk.uzh.ch

An ideal preparation of 45S5 bioactive glass suspensions/slurries for root canal disinfection should combine high pH induction with capacity for continuing release of alkaline species. The hypothesis of this study was that more material per volume of bioactive glass slurry is obtained with a micrometric material (< 5 µm particle size) or a micrometric/ nanometric hybrid, rather than a solely nanometric counterpart. This should correlate with alkaline capacity and antimicrobial effectiveness. Slurries at the plastic limit were prepared with test and reference materials in physiological saline. Total mass and specific surface area of glass material per volume were determined. Continuous titration with hydrochloric acid was performed, and antimicrobial effectiveness was tested in extracted human premolars mono-infected with E. faecalis ATTC 29212 (N = 12 per material). While the nanometric slurry had a 12-fold higher specific surface area than the micrometric counterpart, the latter had a considerably higher alkaline capacity and disinfected significantly better (Fisher’s exact test, P < 0.05). The hybrid slurry behaved similarly to the micrometric preparation.

Key Words: bioactive glass • nanotechnology • Enterococci • root canal

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 3, 235-238 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034508330315
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