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Journal of Dental Research
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BIOLOGICAL

Involvement of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2{alpha} in MMP-9 Up-regulation

P. Montreekachon1, P. Chotjumlong1, V. Reutrakul2 and S. Krisanaprakornkit1,*

1 Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; and
2 Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Correspondence: * sutichai{at}chiangmai.ac.th or suttichaikris{at}yahoo.com

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is important in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Cytosolic phospholipase A2{alpha} (cPLA2{alpha}) is involved in MMP-9 up-regulation in human monocytes. We tested the hypothesis that cPLA2{alpha} also regulates MMP-9 induction by Fusobacterium nucleatum and by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in gingival epithelial cells. While PMA induced MMP-9 expression considerably, F. nucleatum did so moderately. This time-course study demonstrated that MMP-9 mRNA up-regulation occurred at 3 hours, whereas MMP-9 secretion and activity in cell-free supernatants occurred at 12 hours. cPLA2{alpha} mRNA was constitutively expressed in gingival epithelial cells. Transient activation of cPLA2 by Ser505 phosphorylation was observed in the nuclei upon stimulation, suggesting its role as a transcription factor, while cPLA2 protein expression remained unchanged. Induction of MMP-9 expression and activity was significantly inhibited by 1 µM of the specific cPLA2{alpha} inhibitor (P < 0.01). These findings demonstrate the involvement of cPLA2{alpha} in MMP-9 up-regulation.

Key Words: cPLA2{alpha} • MMP-9 • Fusobacterium nucleatum • gene regulation • gingival epithelial cells

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 11, 1031-1036 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034509345967
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