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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Circadian Rhythm of Osteocalcin in the Maxillomandibular Complex

Y. Gafni1, A.A. Ptitsyn2,3, Y. Zilberman1, G. Pelled1, J.M. Gimble3 and D. Gazit1,4,*

1 Hebrew University– Hadassah Medical Campus, PO BOX 12272, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
2 Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
3 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; and
4 Stem Cell Therapeutics Research Lab—Department of Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Correspondence: * corresponding author, dgaz{at}cc.huji.ac.il

The human body displays central circadian rhythms of activity. Recent findings suggest that peripheral tissues, such as bone, possess their own circadian clocks. Studies have shown that osteocalcin protein levels oscillate over a 24-hour period, yet the specific skeletal sites involved and its transcriptional profile remain unknown. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that peripheral circadian mechanisms regulate transcription driven by the osteocalcin promoter. Transgenic mice harboring the human osteocalcin promoter linked to a luciferase reporter gene were used. Mice of both genders and various ages were analyzed non-invasively at sequential times throughout 24-hour periods. Statistical analyses of luminescent signal intensity of osteogenic activity from multiple skeletal sites indicated a periodicity of ~ 24 hrs. The maxillomandibular complex displayed the most robust oscillatory pattern. These findings have implications for dental treatments in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery, as well as for the mechanisms underlying bone remodeling in the maxillomandibular complex.

Key Words: maxillomandibular complex • bioluminescence • circadian rhythm • osteocalcin • transgenic mice

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 88, No. 1, 45-50 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0022034508328012
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