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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Mechanism of Azithromycin Treatment on Gingival Overgrowth

J.-Y. Kim1,5, S.-H. Park2,5, K.-S. Cho2,3, H.-J. Kim1, C.-K. Lee1,4, K.-K. Park1,3,4, S.-H. Choi2,3 and W.-Y. Chung1,3,4,*

1 Department of Oral Biology,
2 Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration,
3 Oral Science Research Institute, and
4 Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, South Korea

Correspondence: * corresponding author, wychung{at}yuhs.ac

Azithromycin is effective for the remission of cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth (CIGO) in persons who have undergone renal transplant. To explain its mechanism in alleviating the clinical symptoms of these indivduals, we examined the effect of azithromycin on cell proliferation and collagen turnover modified by cyclosporin A in human gingival fibroblasts from healthy persons and from persons who had undergone renal transplant. Cyclosporin A-induced proliferation of renal transplant fibroblasts and normal fibroblasts was inhibited by azithromycin. Azithromycin elevated the reduced metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 activities in cyclosporine A-treated renal transplant fibroblasts and normal fibroblasts. In cyclosporine A-treated renal transplant fibroblasts, azithromycin blocked the accumulation of total collagen in culture media and the increase in type I collagen mRNA level, but recovered the reduced MMP-2 mRNA level to the control. These results suggest that azithromycin may improve CIGO by blocking cyclosporine A-induced cell proliferation and collagen synthesis, and by activating MMP-2 in gingival fibroblasts of persons with cyclosporine A-induced gingival overgrowth.

Key Words: Cyclosporin A • gingival overgrowth • azithromycin • matrix metalloprotease-2

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 11, 1075-1079 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808701110
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