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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Phenotypic Analysis of Dlx5 Overexpression in Post-natal Bone

J. Zhang1,2,{dagger}, J. Zhu1,{dagger}, P. Valverde1, L. Li1, S. Pageau1, Q. Tu1, R. Nishimura3, T. Yoneda3, P. Yang2, W. Zheng4, W. Ma5 and J. Chen1,*

1 Division of Oral Biology, Department of General Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, One Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
2 College of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Province, China;
3 Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan;
4 South Genomics Research Center, Guangzhou, 510800, China; and
5 Institute of Genetic Engineering, South Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China

Correspondence: * corresponding author, jk.chen{at}tufts.edu

Dlx5 plays an important role in the embryonic development of mineralized tissues. We hypothesized that Dlx5 also functions in regulating post-natal bone formation in mice. To prove this hypothesis, we infected 5-day-old bone sialoprotein (BSP)/avian retroviral receptor gene (TVA) transgenic mice with replication-competent retroviral vectors expressing wild-type Dlx5 (RCAS-Dlx5WT) and mutated Dlx5 at arginine (R) 31 of its homeodomain (RCAS-Dlx5RH). Immunohistochemistry indicated that RCAS-Dlx5WT increased BSP and osteopontin (OPN) expression, whereas it decreased that of osteocalcin (OC). RCAS-Dlx5RH mediated opposite effects. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR confirmed these results. Ex vivo overexpression of RCAS-Dlx5WT in BSP/TVA calvarial cells promoted, whereas that of RCAS-Dlx5RH inhibited, mineralized nodule formation as compared with that in control cells. Our results suggest that Dlx5 promotes expression of early markers of osteogenic differentiation and increases mineralization post-natally.

Key Words: Dlx5 (distal-less-related gene) • homeodomain • BSP/TVA transgenic mice • extracellular matrix proteins • mineralization

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 1, 45-50 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700107
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