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Origin of Interfacial Droplets with One-step Adhesives

¹ Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;
² Department of Chemistry, Catholic University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; and
³ Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan

Correspondence: ^* corresponding author, bart.vanmeerbeek{at}med.kuleuven.be

Contemporary one-step self-etch adhesives are often documented with interfacial droplets. The objective of this study was to research the origin of these droplets. Two HEMA-rich and one HEMA-free adhesive were applied to enamel and dentin, with the lining composite either immediately cured or cured only after 20 min. All one-step adhesives exhibited droplets at the interface; however, the droplets had two different origins. With the HEMA-free adhesives, droplets were located throughout the adhesive layer and were stable in number over time. With the HEMA-rich adhesives, the droplets were observed exclusively at the adhesive resin/composite interface, and their number increased significantly when the composite was delay-cured. Only the latter droplets caused a significant drop in bond strength after delayed curing. While the droplets in the HEMA-free one-step adhesives should be ascribed to phase separation, those observed with HEMA-rich adhesives resulted from water absorption from dentin through osmosis.

Key Words: adhesion • one-step self-etch adhesive • droplets • HEMA • osmosis • phase separation • diffusion • origin of droplets • water

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 86, No. 8, 739-744 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910708600810


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