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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Edema in Oral Mucosa after LPS or Cytokine Exposure

A. Bletsa*, T. Nedrebø, K.J. Heyeraas and E. Berggreen

Institute of Biomedicine, Section for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway

Correspondence: * corresponding author, Nancy.Bletsa{at}biomed.uib.no

Lowering of interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) is an important factor that explains the rapid edema formation in acute inflammation in loose connective tissues. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-{alpha}) are pathogenetic in gingivitis. To test if these substances induce lowering of Pif in rat oral mucosa, we measured Pif with a micropuncture technique. IL-1β and TNF-{alpha} caused lowering of Pif, whereas LPS induced an immediate increase in Pif, followed by lowering after 40 min. Measurements of fluid volume distribution showed a significant change in interstitial fluid volume (Vi) 1.5 hr after LPS exposure as Vi changed from 0.41 ± 0.02 to 0.51 ± 0.03 mL/g wet weight (p < 0.05), confirming edema. These findings show that LPS, IL-1β, and TNF-{alpha} induce lowering of Pif in the rat oral mucosa and contribute to edema formation in LPS-induced gingivitis.

Key Words: IL-1β • TNF-{alpha} • interstitial fluid pressure • micropuncture • inflammation

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 85, No. 5, 442-446 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500509
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