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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Effects of Isoflurane on Parasympathetic Vasodilatation in the Rat Submandibular Gland

K. Mizuta1,2, F. Mizuta1, M. Takahashi1, H. Ishii3, T. Niioka3 and H. Izumi3,*

1 Division of Dento-Oral Anesthesiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan;
2 Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; and
3 Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan

Correspondence: * corresponding author, izumih{at}hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

Volatile anesthetics have been known to suppress parasympathetic reflex vasodilatation in the lower lip and palate. However, in the submandibular gland, little is known about the effects of these anesthetics on the parasympathetic vasodilatation elicited by reflex and direct (i.e., non-reflex) activation of the parasympathetic vasodilator mechanisms. Although both parasympathetic vasodilatations were inhibited by isoflurane in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, the effects of continuous administration of the {alpha}1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine were markedly different: The reflex vasodilatation was not affected by methoxamine, while the direct vasodilatation was significantly reduced. Picrotoxin (GABAA receptor antagonist) attenuated the inhibitory effect of isoflurane on direct vasodilatation and the systemic arterial blood pressure. These findings suggest that the isoflurane-induced inhibitory effects on direct vasodilatation are produced by a decrease of peripheral vascular tone by GABAergic mechanisms, whereas those on the reflex vasodilatation are produced exclusively by the inhibition of the reflex center.

Key Words: parasympathetic reflex • vasodilatation • isoflurane • submandibular gland • vascular tone

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 85, No. 4, 379-383 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500419
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