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Journal of Dental Research
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

Dentin Erosion Simulation by Cantilever Beam Fatigue and pH Change

M. Staninec1,*, R.K. Nalla2, J.F. Hilton3, R.O. Ritchie2, L.G. Watanabe1, G. Nonomura1, G.W. Marshall1 and S.J. Marshall1

1 UCSF School of Dentistry, Box 0758, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
2 Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA, USA;
3 Division of Biostatistics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, stanin{at}itsa.ucsf.edu

Exposed root surfaces frequently exhibit non-carious notches representing material loss by abrasion, erosion, and/or abfraction. Although a contribution from mechanical stress is often mentioned, no definitive proof exists of a cause-effect relationship. To address this, we examined dimensional changes in dentin subjected to cyclic fatigue in two different pH environments. Human dentin cantilever-beams were fatigued under load control in pH = 6 (n = 13) or pH = 7 (n = 13) buffer, with a load ratio (R = minimum load/maximum load) of 0.1 and frequency of 2 Hz, and stresses between 5.5 and 55 MPa. Material loss was measured at high- and low-stress locations before and after cycling. Of the 23 beams, 7 withstood 1,000,000 cycles; others cracked earlier. Mean material loss in high-stress areas was greater than in low-stress areas, and losses were greater at pH = 6 than at pH = 7, suggesting that mechanical stress and lower pH both accelerate erosion of dentin surfaces.

Key Words: dentin • erosion • fatigue • pH • abfraction

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 84, No. 4, 371-375 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400415
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