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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Role of TNF-{alpha} and Its Receptors in Pericoronitis

A. Beklen1,2,3, M. Laine1,2, I. Ventä4, T. Hyrkäs4 and Y.T. Konttinen1,5,6,*

1 Department of Medicine/Invärtes medicin, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland;
2 Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;
3 Medico-social Centre, Dental Clinic, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey;
4 Finnish Student Health Service, Helsinki, Finland;
5 ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland; and
6 COXA Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere, Finland

Correspondence: * corresponding author, yrjo.konttinen{at}helsinki.fi, Biomedicum Helsinki, PO Box 700 (Haartmaninkatu 8), FIN-00029 HUS, Finland

The classic stimulus for cellular cytokine production is bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin). It was therefore hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) may be responsible for pericoronitis. TNF-{alpha} and its receptors were detected by immunohistochemical staining in third molar pericoronitis in ten patients and ten healthy control samples. The percentage of TNF-{alpha} positive cells was high in pericoronitis (p = 0.0317). TNF receptors TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 were found in macrophage- and fibroblast-like cells, vascular endothelial cells in post-capillary venules, and basal epithelial cells in pericoronitis, but were only weakly expressed in controls. Increased expression of interleukin-1β and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 was found as a biological indicator of TNF-{alpha} ligand-receptor interaction. Explanted tissues acquired destructive potential upon TNF-{alpha} stimulation, whereas TNF-{alpha} blockers controlled it in inflamed tissues. These findings suggest that, in pericoronitis, inflammatory and resident cells produce and respond to potent pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-{alpha}, with pathogenic and potential therapeutic relevance.

Key Words: pericoronitis • tumor necrosis factor-alpha • TNF-R1 • TNF-R2

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 84, No. 12, 1178-1182 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508401216
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