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Journal of Dental Research
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*Compound via MeSH
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*CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
*CALCIUM, ELEMENTAL
*CHLORINE
*MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
*MAGNESIUM, ELEMENTAL
*PHOSPHORUS
*POTASSIUM
*SODIUM
*SULFUR
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*Paralysis
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Biological

X-ray Microanalysis of Elements in the Masticatory Muscle after Paresis of the Right Masseter

T. Gedrange1, R. Mai2, G. Richter3, P. Wolf1, A. Lupp4 and W. Harzer1,*

1 Department of Orthodontics,
2 Department of Maxillo-Facial-Surgery, and
3 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; and
4 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, harzer{at}rcs.urz.tu-dresden.de

Muscle activity and function appear to be related to ionic concentrations in the muscle. We investigated whether muscle paresis induced by injection of Botulinum toxin A (Botox) in 16-week-old pigs over a 56-day period is associated with ionic changes in the affected muscles. Tissue samples were taken from the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, and geniohyoid muscles by a standardized method and used for energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis in an environmental scanning electron microscope. The largest increase in Na+ was measured in the right and left sides of the masseter muscle in treated animals. Additionally, a significant elevation of Na+ was measured in the anterior part of the temporalis muscle and in the pterygoid muscle (P < 0.05). In temporalis and pterygoid muscles, an increase in sulfur in both sides of treated pigs’ heads was observed. Botox® has an indirect impact on ion concentrations, resulting in changes in muscle functional capacity and adaptive compensation of paretic muscle function by other muscles.

Key Words: masticatory muscle • Botulinum toxin • x-ray microanalysis • pigs.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 84, No. 11, 1026-1030 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508401111
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