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Journal of Dental Research
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Clinical

How Does Fluoride Affect Dentin Microhardness and Mineralization?

A. Vieira1,2, R. Hancock3, M. Dumitriu2, M. Schwartz4,5, H. Limeback1 and M. Grynpas1,2,*

1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto;
2 Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room 840, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
3 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto;
4 Department of Dentistry, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital; and 5 Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, grynpas{at}mshri.on.ca

Fluoride (F) has been a useful instrument in caries prevention. However, only limted data exist on the effect of its long-term use on dentin mineralization patterns and microhardness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of tooth F concentration ([F]) and dental fluorosis (DF) severity on dentin microhardness and mineralization. We collected 137 teeth in Montreal and Toronto, Canada, and Fortaleza, Brazil, where optimum or suboptimum levels of water F were 0.2 ppm, 1 ppm, and 0.7 ppm, respectively. Teeth were analyzed for DF severity, dentin [F], enamel [F], dentin microhardness, and dentin mineralization. Dentin [F] correlated with DF severity; enamel [F] correlated with dentin microhardness and dentin mineralization; DF severity correlated with dentin microhardness. Genetic factors (e.g., DF severity) and environmental factors (e.g., tooth [F]) influenced the mechanical properties (microhardness) of the teeth, while only the environmental factors influenced their material properties (e.g., mineralization). Fortaleza teeth were harder and less mineralized and presented higher dentin [F] values. Montreal teeth presented lower levels of DF when compared with both Toronto and Fortaleza teeth.

Key Words: fluoride • ultrasound • tubule size • dentin • enamel • human.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 84, No. 10, 951-957 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910508401015
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