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Dentin Regeneration by Dental Pulp Stem Cell Therapy with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2

¹ Department of Clinical Oral Molecular Biology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation,
² Department of Orthodontics, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; and
³ Department of First Anatomy, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa 359-8513, Japan;

Correspondence: ^* corresponding author, misako{at}dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Regenerative medicine is based on stem cells, signals, and scaffolds. Dental pulp tissue has the potential to regenerate dentin in response to noxious stimuli, such as caries. The progenitor/stem cells are responsible for this regeneration. Thus, stem cell therapy has considerable promise in dentin regeneration. Culture of porcine pulp cells, as a three-dimensional pellet, promoted odontoblast differentiation compared with monolayers. The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) and enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) mRNA confirmed the differentiation of pulp cells into odontoblasts and was stimulated by the morphogenetic signal, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). Based on the in vitro experiments, an in vivo evaluation of pulp progenitor/stem cells in the dog was performed. The autogenous transplantation of the BMP2-treated pellet culture onto the amputated pulp stimulated reparative dentin formation. In conclusion, BMP2 can direct pulp progenitor/stem cell differentiation into odontoblasts and result in dentin formation.

Key Words: dentin regeneration • stem cell therapy • BMP2 • dental pulp-capping • pellet culture

Abbreviations: BMP2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 • Dspp, dentin sialophosphoprotein • Dmp1, dentin matrix protein 1 • ALPase, alkaline phosphatase • MMP20, matrix metalloproteinase 20 • Phex, phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on X-chromosome

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 8, 590-595 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300802


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