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Journal of Dental Research
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

Characterization of Apatite Formed on Alkaline-heat-treated Ti

N. Chosa1,*,{dagger}, M. Taira2,{dagger}, S. Saitoh2, N. Sato1 and Y. Araki2

1 Departments of Biochemistry and
2 Dental Materials Science and Technology, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8505 Japan;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, nchosa{at}iwate-med.ac.jp

Alkaline-heat-treated titanium self-forms an apatite surface layer in vivo. The aim of the present study was to materialistically characterize the surface of alkaline-heat-treated titanium immersed in simulated body fluid (AHS-TI) and to examine the differentiation behavior of osteoblasts on AHS-TI. SEM, thin-film XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses revealed that AHS-TI contained a 1.0-µm-thick, low-crystalline, and [002] direction-oriented carbonate apatite surface. Human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells were cultured on polystyrene, titanium, and AHS-TI, and RT-PCR analyses of osteogenic differentiation-related mRNAs were conducted. On AHS-TI, the expression of bone sialoprotein mRNA was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene and titanium (p < 0.05). On AHS-TI, the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNAs was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene (p<0.05). The results indicate that the apatite was bone-like and accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of SaOS-2, suggesting that alkaline-heat treatment might facilitate better integration of titanium implants with bone.

Key Words: apatite • titanium • alkaline-heat treatment • osteoblasts • RT-PCR

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 6, 465-469 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300606
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