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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

In vitro Effects of Enamel Matrix Proteins on Rat Bone Marrow Cells and Gingival Fibroblasts

S. Keila1, C.E. Nemcovsky2, O. Moses2, Z. Artzi2 and M. Weinreb1,*

1 Departments of Oral Biology and
2 Periodontology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, weinreb{at}post.tau.ac.il

Emdogain® (EMD), a formulation of Enamel Matrix Proteins (EMP), is used clinically for periodontal regeneration, where it stimulates cementum formation and promotes gingival healing. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of EMD on rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and gingival fibroblasts (GF). EMD (at 25 µg/mL) increased the osteogenic capacity of bone marrow, as evidenced by ~ three-fold increase in BMSC cell number and ~ two-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodule formation. The presence of EMD in the initial stages (first 48 hrs) of the culture was crucial for this effect. In contrast, EMD did not induce osteoblastic differentiation of GF (evidenced by lack of mineralization or ALP activity) but increased up to two-fold both their number and the amount of matrix produced. These in vitro data on BMSC and GF could explain the promotive effect of EMD on bone formation and connective tissue regeneration, respectively.

Key Words: enamel proteins • bone marrow • in vitro • rat • gingival fibroblasts • stromal cells

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 2, 134-138 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300210
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