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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Oral Epithelial Overexpression of IL-1{alpha} Causes Periodontal Disease

S. Dayan1, P. Stashenko2, R. Niederman2 and T.S. Kupper1,*

1 Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Room 671, Boston, MA 02115, USA; and 2 Department of Cytokine Biology, The Forsyth Institute, 140 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115, USA;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, tskupper{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection that results in inflammatory destruction of tissues that support the teeth, including connective tissue and bone. In this study, we report that transgenic mice that overexpress the 17-kDa form of IL-1{alpha} in the basal layer of oral mucosal epithelium develop a syndrome that possesses all of the cardinal features of periodontal disease, including epithelial proliferation and apical migration, loss of attachment, and destruction of cementum and alveolar bone. In this model, bacterial colonization and infection were not required, since levels of periodontal bacteria were equivalent in transgenic and wild-type mice, and continuous treatment with antibiotics from birth did not ameliorate the disease. Our findings therefore indicate that elevated levels of IL-1{alpha} in the oral micro-environment can mediate all of the clinical features of periodontal disease.

Key Words: interleukin-1{alpha} • periodontitis • inflammation • transgenic • mucosa

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 10, 786-790 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408301010
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