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Journal of Dental Research
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RAPID COMMUNICATION

Tissue-engineered Rabbit Cranial Suture from Autologous Fibroblasts and BMP2

L. Hong and J.J. Mao*

Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Rm 237, Departments of Orthodontics, Bioengineering, and Anatomy and Cell Biology, Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, MC 841, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, jmao2{at}uic.edu

Craniosynostosis is a congenital disorder of premature ossification of cranial sutures, occurring in one of approximately every 2500 live human births. This work addressed a hypothesis that a cranial suture can be tissue-engineered from autologous cells. Dermal fibroblasts were isolated subcutaneously from growing rabbits, culture-expanded, and seeded in a gelatin scaffold. We fabricated a composite tissue construct by sandwiching the fibroblast-seeded gelatin scaffold between two collagen sponges loaded with recombinant human BMP2. Surgically created, full-thickness parietal defects were filled with the composite tissue construct in the same rabbits from which dermal fibroblasts had been obtained. After four-week in vivo implantation, there was de novo formation of tissue-engineered cranial suture, microscopically reminiscent of the adjacent natural cranial suture. The tissue-engineered cranial suture showed radiolucency on radiographic images, in contrast to radio-opacity of microscopically ossified calvarial defects filled with fibroblast-free, BMP2-loaded constructs. This approach may be refined for tissue engineering of cranial sutures for craniosynostosis patients.

Key Words: suture • bone • osteoblast • craniofacial • tissue engineering

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 83, No. 10, 751-756 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910408301003
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