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Regional Alterations in Fiber Type Distribution, Capillary Density, and Blood Flow after Lower Jaw Sagittal Advancement in Pig Masticatory Muscles

¹ Department of Orthodontics, Technical University, Dresden, Germany;
² Institute of Pathophysiology, Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena, Germany;
³ Institute of Anatomy, Technical University, Dresden, Germany; and
⁴ Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Jena, Germany;

Correspondence: *corresponding author, rbau{at}mti-n.mti.uni-jena.de

Muscular remodeling is known to be a prerequisite for permanent correction of mandibular-maxillary malocclusion. The objective of this study was to clarify if an increase in type I fiber number is accompanied by an increased capillary density and improved muscular blood flow. Juvenile pigs received build-ups on the molars, which induced a protrusion of 7.6 + 1.5 mm. After 4 weeks of treatment, chronic lower jaw protrusion induced a marked muscle blood flow increase in the anterior and medial regions of the superficial part of the masseter and in the medial pterygoid muscle (P < 0.05). Furthermore, an increase in capillary density and in the amount of type I fibers was found in all regions of masticatory muscles with an increased muscle blood flow (P < 0.05). Finally, the capillary-to-fiber ratio increased (P < 0.05). Muscle blood flow and capillary density showed a strong linear correlation (r = 0.89, P < 0.01). These changes suggest a complex muscle adaptation for long-term, fatigue-resistant activity during the early corrective period of mandibular-maxillary malocclusion treatment.

Key Words: muscle fiber types • capillarization • masticatory muscle blood flow • juvenile pigs

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 82, No. 7, 570-574 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910308200716


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