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Journal of Dental Research
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*CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
*HYDROXYAPATITE
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

Interaction of Dendrimers (Artificial Proteins) with Biological Hydroxyapatite Crystals

H. Chen1,2,3, M. Banaszak Holl2,5, B.G. Orr3,5, I. Majoros4,5 and B.H. Clarkson1,*

1 University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078;
2 University of Michigan Department of Chemistry;
3 University of Michigan Department of Physics;
4 University of Michigan, Internal Medicine; and
5 Center for Biologic Nanotechnology;

Correspondence: *corresponding author, bricla{at}umich.edu

This investigation sets out to mimic protein-crystal interaction during biomineralization with the use of artificial proteins (dendrimers). It is hypothesized that these interactions depend on the surface charge of hydroxyapatite crystals. This was investigated with the use of dendrimers with capped surfaces of different charges to probe the surface. We used AFM images of crystal-bound dendrimers to determine the distribution of the surface charge, and its magnitude was correlated to the binding capacity of the dendrimers to the surface. The binding capacity of the dendrimers in ascending order at pH 7.4 was: acetamide-capped, -NHC(O)CH3, neutral charge; carboxylic-acid-capped, -COOH, negative charge; and amine-capped, -NH2, positive charge. AFM images of the crystals showed dendrimers spaced equally along the crystal. The results suggest that the crystal surface has alternating bands of positive and negative charge or a differential charge array, i.e., alternating bands of either more or less positive or negative charge.

Key Words: dendrimers • interaction • hydroxyapatite • crystals

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 82, No. 6, 443-448 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910308200608
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