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Journal of Dental Research
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Clinical

Evidence that Experimentally Induced Sleep Bruxism is a Consequence of Transient Arousal

T. Kato1,2,3, J.Y. Montplaisir1,2,3, F. Guitard1,2, B.J. Sessle5, J.P. Lund3,4 and G.J. Lavigne1,2,*,3,5

1 Centre d’étude sur le Sommeil et des Rythmes Biologiques, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal;
2 Facultés de médecine et de médecine dentaire, Université de Montréal, CP6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada;
3 Centre de recherche en sciences neurologiques, Université de Montréal;
4 Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University; and
5 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto;

Correspondence: *corresponding author, gilles.lavigne{at}umontreal.ca

Spontaneous rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) during sleep occurs more frequently following spontaneous transient micro-arousal in patients with sleep bruxism (SB) and normal controls. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an experimental arousal would be followed by an increase in RMMA. We identified RMMA on polygraphic recordings taken before and after sensory stimulation to induce experimental arousal in eight SB patients and eight matched normal subjects. The rate of experimental arousal and the level of resting electromyographic activity in masseter and suprahyoid muscles during sleep did not differ between the groups. In both, muscle tone and heart rate increased during the experimental arousal. Although post-arousal RMMA occurred in all SB patients, it was seen in only one normal subject. Moreover, tooth-grinding occurred during 71% of the evoked RMMA in SB patients. These results support the hypothesis that SB is an exaggerated form of oromotor activity associated with sleep micro-arousal.

Key Words: sleep bruxism • rhythmic masticatory muscle activity • sleep micro-arousal • sensory stimuli • arousal reactions

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 82, No. 4, 284-288 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910308200408
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