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Journal of Dental Research
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Biomaterials & Bioengineering

How Does Fluoride Concentration in the Tooth Affect Apatite Crystal Size?

A. Vieira1,2, R. Hancock3, H. Limeback1, M. Schwartz4,5 and M. Grynpas1,2,*

1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto;
2 Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room 840, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada;
3 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto;
4 Department of Dentistry, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital; and
5 Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University;

Correspondence: * corresponding author, grynpas{at}mshri.on.ca

Despite fluoride’s (F) well-documented ability to prevent caries, the effects of F concentrations on enamel and dentin apatite crystals are unknown. The present study examined the hypothesis that tooth F concentration and tooth crystallite size correlate. One hundred human unerupted third molars were studied—53 from Fortaleza-Brazil (F water 0.7 ppm), 23 from Toronto (1.0 ppm), and 24 from Montreal (0.2 ppm). F concentration was analyzed by Neutron Activation Analysis and apatite crystal size by powder x-ray diffraction. A positive correlation between dentin F concentration and enamel crystallite length and width was found. Enamel crystallite length was significantly greater in teeth from Fortaleza than in teeth from Toronto (p = 0.011) and Montreal (p = 0.003). Enamel crystallite widths were significantly greater in Fortaleza teeth compared with those from Toronto (p = 0.020) and Montreal (p < 0.001). No difference in the dentin crystallite size was seen in the 3 regions. Thus, tooth F concentration and crystallite size correlate.

Key Words: fluoride • crystallite size • dentin • enamel • human

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 82, No. 11, 909-913 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910308201112
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