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Journal of Dental Research
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Biological

Hormonal Regulation of Androgen Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression in Human Tooth Pulp

J.B. Dale1, S.L. Sarich1, T.M. Bretz2, J.F. Hatton1,2 and R.J. Zachow1,2,*

1 St. Louis University Center for Advanced Dental Education, Department of Endodontics, St. Louis, MO; and
2 Southern Illinois University School of Dental Medicine, Department of Applied Dental Medicine, 2800 College Ave., Alton, IL 62002;

Correspondence: *corresponding author, rzachow{at}siue.edu

Tooth pulp contains steroid receptors and therefore is likely to respond to steroids. Steroids and cytokines together can alter steroid receptor content in many tissues; thus, similar mechanisms may exist in tooth pulp. In this study, reverse-transcription/polymerase chain-reaction was used to screen human pulp for the mRNAs encoding receptors for androgen (AR), estrogens (ERβ), and hepatocyte growh factor (HGF: c-Met). AR mRNA content was greater in male pulp vs. female pulp in all age groups. In both genders, AR mRNA content diminished with age. In pulp cell cultures, androstenedione, estradiol-17β, and HGF each stimulated AR mRNA accumulation. Testosterone inhibited, whereas 5{alpha}-dihydrotestosterone did not affect, AR mRNA content. ERβ was not hormonally altered in pulp cell cultures. By showing steroid- and cytokine-orchestrated regulation of AR mRNA in vitro, it is possible that age- and/or pathogen-dependent changes in available steroids and cytokines can affect any androgen-responsiveness of pulp.

Key Words: androgen receptor • androgen • hepatocyte growth factor • estrogen • tooth pulp

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 81, No. 5, 360-365 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910208100514
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