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Journal of Dental Research
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Elevated Systemic Concentrations of Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM) are Not Reflected in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Smokers with Periodontitis

H.S. Fraser

Departments of Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry

R.M. Palmer

Departments of Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, richard.m.palmer{at}kcl.ac.uk

R.F. Wilson

Dental Clinical Research, Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Floor 21, Guy's Hospital Tower, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK

P.Y. Coward

Dental Clinical Research, Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Floor 21, Guy's Hospital Tower, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK

D.A. Scott

Dental Clinical Research, Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Floor 21, Guy's Hospital Tower, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK

Raised serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in smokers could have immunomodulatory effects in periodontitis. The aim of this study was to compare serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations of sICAM-1 in smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease. sICAM-1 in serum and GCF collected from age- and gender-matched smokers (n = 14) and non-smokers (n = 14) with periodontitis were measured by ELISA. Mean serum sICAM-1 concentrations were significantly elevated in smokers (331 ng mL-1), compared with non-smokers (238 ng mL-1, p = 0.008). However, the concentration of sICAM-1 in the GCF was significantly lower in the smokers (83 ng mL -1), compared with non-smokers (212 ng mL-1, p = 0.013). The difference between concentrations of sICAM-1 in GCF and serum was significant only in smokers (p < 0.001). Since GCF is a serum-derived tissue exudate, these results suggest that, in smokers, circulating sICAM-1 molecules are affected either in their passage from the periodontal microvasculature or within the periodontal tissues.

Key Words: cotinine • human • periodontitis • soluble ICAM-1 • smoking.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 80, No. 7, 1643-1647 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345010800070901
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