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Early-onset Periodontitis in Morocco is Associated with the Highly Leukotoxic Clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Department of Community Oral Health and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard, DK 8000 Aarhus C, dhaubek{at}odont.au.dk

O.-K. Ennibi

Dental Faculty, University of Rabat, Morocco

K. Poulsen

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark

S. Poulsen

Department of Community Oral Health and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard, DK 8000 Aarhus C

N. Benzarti

Dental Faculty, University of Rabat, Morocco

M. Kilian

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark

A particular clone (JP2) of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans with increased leukotoxin production has been isolated from individuals with early-onset periodontitis (EOP). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of carriers of this clone and its association with EOP in Moroccan schoolchildren. Of 217 plaque samples, 131 (60.4%) were culture-positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans. A total of 19 of these isolates had a 530-bp deletion in the leukotoxin promoter region characteristic of the JP2 clone. A strong association between the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans with the 530-bp deletion and EOP was found (adjusted OR = 29.4; 95% CI = 8.3 - 104.4; p < 0.0005), while no association could be demonstrated between the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans without the deletion and EOP (adjusted OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 0.5 - 2.9; p = 0.750). The study demonstrates that the endemic presence, in a human population, of the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone may result in an unusually high prevalence of EOP.

Key Words: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans • leukotoxin • serotype • early-onset periodontitis.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 80, No. 6, 1580-1583 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345010800062001


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