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A TEM Study of Two Water-based Adhesive Systems Bonded to Dry and Wet Dentin

BIOMAT-Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

Y. Yoshida

BIOMAT-Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, Department of Dental Materials, Hiroshima University School of Dentistry, Japan

P. Lambrechts

BIOMAT-Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

G. Vanherle

BIOMAT-Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School for Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

E.S. Duke

Clinical Research Facility, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX

J.D. Eick

Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO

S.J. Robinson

Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO

To keep the exposed collagen scaffold penetrable to resin, it has been recommended that the conditioned dentin surface be maintained in a visibly moist condition, a clinical technique commonly referred to as wet bonding. In this study, resin-dentin interfaces produced with two water-based adhesive systems-OptiBond (OPTI, Kerr) and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M)-were compared by transmission electron microscopy, following the application of either a dry- or a wet-bonding technique. The hypothesis advanced was that the ultramorphology of the hybrid layer would differ depending on which bonding method was applied. A morphologically well-organized hybrid layer of collagen fibrils intermingled with resin in tiny interfibrillar channels was consistently formed by the OPTI system. The SBMP system was found to produce a hybrid layer with a more variable ultrastructure, less distinctly outlined collagen fibrils, and a characteristic electron-dense phase located at its surface. No major differences in hybrid layer ultrastructure were observed when the two adhesive systems investigated were bonded to either dry or wet dentin. When the adhesives were dry-bonded, no ultrastructural evidence of collapsed demineralized collagen, incompletely or not at all infiltrated by resin, could be detected. In addition, when the two adhesives were bonded to wet dentin, no signs of overwetting phenomena, that would have indicated that water was ineffectively removed, were apparent. It has been hypothesized that the amount of water provided with the hydrophilic primer solution of either of the two adhesive systems investigated suffices to re-hydrate and re-expand the gently air-dried and collapsed collagen network. Further research should be directed to determine whether this hypothesized self-rewetting effect can be extrapolated to other adhesive systems that provide water-based primers.

Key Words: bonding • dentin • resin-dentin interfaces • collagen • TEM.

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 77, No. 1, 50-59 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345980770010501


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