|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) of the Oral Cavity: Cellular Origin and Relationship to Periodontal Status
M. Makela
Department of Oral Surgery, University of Oulu, Finland
T. Salo
Department of Oral Surgery, University of Oulu, Finland
V.-J. Uitto
University of British Columbia, Departments of Oral Biology and Clinical Dental Sciences, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
H. Larjava
University of British Columbia, Departments of Oral Biology and Clinical Dental Sciences, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
Proteolytic enzymes released by the host cells are associated with the tissue destruction in periodontal diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have the primary role in this process, since, in concert, they can degrade most of the extracellular matrix components. In the present study, we investigated MMP-2 and MMP-9 in oral fluids of healthy subjects and periodontitis patients and the contributions of different oral cells to the enzyme production. The enzymograms revealed that the main gelatinase in oral rinses, crevicular fluid, and whole saliva migrated at 92 kDa. Activity was also detected at 200 kDa and 130 kDa and minor activity at 86 kDa, 72 kDa, and 40 kDa. Traces of gelatinolytic activity were also detected in pure parotid secretions. The 92-kDa enzyme was identified to MMP-9 and the 200-kDa gelatinase to MMP-2, by means of specific anti-72-kDa antiserum. Gingival keratinocytes produced mainly MMP-9, while gingival and granulation tissue fibroblasts expressed MMP-2. Glandular tissue contained mainly MMP-9, and mRNA for MMP-9 was also found in acinar epithelial cells. Periodontitis patients had significantly higher levels of MMP-9 than healthy subjects. Also, MMP-2 was elevated in periodontitis patients. Periodontal treatment reduced the amount of gelatinases dramatically. This study shows that gelatinases are produced by various cells in the oral cavity. The amount of gelatinases is elevated during periodontal disease, while conventional periodontal treatment efficiently reduces the levels these enzymes. We suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 could participate in tissue destruction in periodontitis.
Key Words: Enzymes • Gingival Crevicular Fluid • Periodontal Diseases • Saliva
Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 73, No. 8,
1397-1406 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345940730080201
 CiteULike  Complore  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
S.-J. Han, S.-Y. Jeong, Y.-J. Nam, K.-H. Yang, H.-S. Lim, and J. Chung
Xylitol Inhibits Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Induced by Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis
Clin. Vaccine Immunol.,
November 1, 2005;
12(11):
1285 - 1291.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Watanabe, M. Asatsuma, A. Ikui, M. Ikeda, Y. Yamada, S. Nomura, and A. Igarashi
Measurements of Several Metallic Elements and Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in Saliva from Patients with Taste Disorder
Chem Senses,
February 1, 2005;
30(2):
121 - 125.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Kayaoglu and D. Orstavik
VIRULENCE FACTORS OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS: RELATIONSHIP TO ENDODONTIC DISEASE
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine,
September 1, 2004;
15(5):
308 - 320.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Nyberg, P. Heikkila, T. Sorsa, J. Luostarinen, R. Heljasvaara, U.-H. Stenman, T. Pihlajaniemi, and T. Salo
Endostatin Inhibits Human Tongue Carcinoma Cell Invasion and Intravasation and Blocks the Activation of Matrix Metalloprotease-2, -9, and -13
J. Biol. Chem.,
June 13, 2003;
278(25):
22404 - 22411.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Gusman, J. Travis, E. J. Helmerhorst, J. Potempa, R. F. Troxler, and F. G. Oppenheim
Salivary Histatin 5 Is an Inhibitor of Both Host and Bacterial Enzymes Implicated in Periodontal Disease
Infect. Immun.,
March 1, 2001;
69(3):
1402 - 1408.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Steffensen, L. Hakkinen, and H. Larjava
Proteolytic Events of Wound-Healing -- Coordinated Interactions Among Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), Integrins, and Extracellular Matrix Molecules
Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine,
January 1, 2001;
12(5):
373 - 398.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Afonso, L. Sobrin, D. C. Monroy, M. Selzer, B. Lokeshwar, and S. C. Pflugfelder
Tear Fluid Gelatinase B Activity Correlates with IL-1{alpha} Concentration and Fluorescein Clearance in Ocular Rosacea
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.,
October 1, 1999;
40(11):
2506 - 2512.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Tjaderhane, H. Larjava, T. Sorsa, V.-J. Uitto, M. Larmas, and T. Salo
The Activation and Function of Host Matrix Metalloproteinases in Dentin Matrix Breakdown in Caries Lesions
Journal of Dental Research,
August 1, 1998;
77(8):
1622 - 1629.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Sorsa, T. Salo, E. Koivunen, J. Tyynela, Y. T. Konttinen, U. Bergmann, A. Tuuttila, E. Niemi, O. Teronen, P. Heikkila, et al.
Activation of Type IV Procollagenases by Human Tumor-associated Trypsin-2
J. Biol. Chem.,
August 22, 1997;
272(34):
21067 - 21074.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Oksala, K. Haapasalmi, L. Hakkinen, V.-J. Uitto, and H. Larjava
Expression of Heparan Sulphate and Small Dermatan/Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans in Chronically Inflamed Human Periodontium
Journal of Dental Research,
June 1, 1997;
76(6):
1250 - 1259.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Ding, V.-J. Uitto, M. Haapasalo, K. Lounatmaa, Y.T. Konttinen, T. Salo, D. Grenier, and T. Sorsa
Membrane Components of Treponema denticola Trigger Proteinase Release from Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
Journal of Dental Research,
December 1, 1996;
75(12):
1986 - 1993.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. Westerlund, T. Ingman, P.-L. Lukinmaa, T. Salo, L. Kjeldsen, N. Borregaard, L. Tjaderhane, Y.T. Konttinen, and T. Sorsa
Human Neutrophil Gelatinase and Associated Lipocalin in Adult and Localized Juvenile Periodontitis
Journal of Dental Research,
August 1, 1996;
75(8):
1553 - 1563.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.A. Garlick, W.C. Parks, H.G. Welgus, and L.B. Taichman
Re-epithelialization of Human Oral Keratinocytes in vitro
Journal of Dental Research,
March 1, 1996;
75(3):
912 - 918.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
