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Journal of Dental Research
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Microf racture Mechanisms of Dental Resin Composites Containing Spherically-shaped Filler Particles

K.H. Kim

Department of Dental Materials, Dental College, Kyungpook National University, 2-101 Dong-in Dong, Taegu, Korea

J.H. Park

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental College, Kyungpook National University, 2-101 Dong-in Dong, Taegu, Korea

Y. Imai

Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan

T. Kishi

Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan

The effects of spherically-shaped filler particles on bending strength, bending elastic modulus, and fracture toughness of resin composites were studied. The filler content was changed by 0, 20, 40, 60, and 70 wt%. Bending properties and fracture toughnesses were determined on three-point bending specimens. Acoustic Emission (AE), i.e., the elastic wave released from a localized source in the material, was detected by sensors of a high-sensitivity and low-noise resonance type during the fracture toughness test. Detected acoustic emission signals were analyzed for parameters such as amplitude, events, and locations. The fractured surf ace was examined by a scanning electron microscope.

The bending strength and the fracture toughness showed almost the same trend in their increasing rates by filler content, but the elastic modulus showed a much higher increasing rate. A microfracture mechanism of the dental resin composites containing spherically-shaped filler particles is proposed based on the results obtained from the AE-releasing pattern, two-dimensional AE location, and fracture surface findings. In addition to the toughening effects of crack pinning and crack branching, which are observed in the usual commercial resin composites, crack-deflecting effects are confirmed in this new type of dental resin composites.

Key Words: Acoustic Emission • Bending Stress • Fracture Mechanism • Fracture Toughness • Resin Composites

Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 73, No. 2, 499-504 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/00220345940730020301
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